【摘要】 依据地表水环境质量标准(GB3838-2002),利用单因子分析法、聚类分析法和相关分析法分析了2001～2005年黄河兰州段的五个监测断面:扶河桥(入境)、湟水桥、新城桥、包兰桥、什川桥(出境)的粪大肠菌群的污染状况。分析表明,黄河兰州段粪大肠菌群污染严重,以包兰桥污染最为严重,超标率范围为79.4%～95.9%;利用聚类分析法可以将五个监测断面分为三类。用地表水环境质量标准粪大肠菌群项目标准限值判断,进入兰州时为Ⅲ类,出境时超过了Ⅴ类限值,表明兰州市是黄河兰州段粪大肠菌群的重要污染源;粪大肠菌群与化学需氧量、总磷、挥发酚、油类的相关分析表明,粪大肠菌群的污染与挥发酚和总磷有较强的相关性。黄河兰州段沿程分布着大量村镇,以黄河水为直接饮用水源,因此,必须重视粪大肠菌群污染的严重性,以保障居民的饮用水安全。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the Surface Water Environment Quality Standard GB 3838-2002,It used single factor analysis,clustering analysis and correlation analysis to approve serious Fecal Coliform pollution in five monitoring sections—Fuhe bridge(entry) ,Huangshui bridge,Xinchengin bridge,Baolan bridge and Shenchuan bridge(river boundary section) —in Lanzhou section of the Yellow River during 2001 to 2005. Analysis showed that Lanzhou section of the Yellow River Fecal Coliform pollution was serious;Baolan bridge was most badly;over standard rate is about 79.4% ～95.9% . Five monitoring sections have been classified into three groups by clustering analysis method. Based on the Surface Water Environment Quality Standard GB 3838-2002—standard limited value of Fecal Coliform,Yellow River Fecal Coliform is Ⅲ class when get into Lanzhou;Fecal Coliform is beyond Ⅴ class when Yellow River is outbound,which showed Lanzhou is the main Fecal Coliform pollution source. Using correlation analysis we can know the relationship of Fecal Coliform with COD,TP,volatile phenol and oil,which was Fecal Coliform has more strong correlation with TP and volatile phonel. There are many villages along the Yellow River that has direct drinking water source is Yellow River. Therefore,people pay more attention to Fecal Coliform Pollution,in order to make sure security of drinking water更多还原