【摘要】 采用焦点动物跟踪法及连续记录法,观察了人工饲养条件下一头幼年长江江豚(Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis)的水下以及半自然条件下两头幼豚的水面行为型式。观察时间最长持续至出生后一年,以构建其行为谱。结果显示:1)所有幼豚都能表现出丰富多样且活跃的行为型式;2)幼豚刚出生时,与存活攸关的行为型式最先出现;3)具有玩耍和社居性质的行为型式在行为谱中占大部分;4)幼豚大部分行为型式已与其他年龄段个体的相似;5)大部分行为型式出现在生命的早期阶段。以上特征可能是这种动物对水生和社居生活的适应。更多还原

【Abstract】 Underwater behavioral patterns of one Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis) calf in captivity and those performed on the water surface by two calves in semi-natural environment were focally followed and continuously recorded until one year postpartum to construct the ethogram. The results indicate that 1) the three calves could display diverse and active behavioral patterns; 2) soon after birth, patterns critical for survival appeared first; 3) playful and social patterns predominated the ethogram; 4) most of the patterns were alike across age classes; 5) most of the patterns appeared at the calves’ early life stage. It is possible that the above characteristics are adaptively shaped by the aquatic and social life of this subspecies.更多还原