【摘要】 利用模式植物拟南芥的18S rRNA基因序列设计的引物,对3个野生大豆和3个栽培大豆的18S rRNA基因进行扩增,利用其序列特征研究大豆的进化关系。结果3个野生大豆和3个栽培大豆均扩增得到1 000 bp左右的基因片段;野生大豆之间的同源性均为99%,而栽培大豆之间的同源性较低,相似性在97%～98%之间;通过18S rRNA基因序列研究不同豆科作物的进化关系,发现大豆的系统发育树分枝处于靠近进化树树根的位置,即大豆相对于其它豆科作物在系统发育上处于比较原始的位置。根据以上结果推测在进化过程中栽培大豆的遗传物质趋向多样性发展,而遗传背景较单一可能是由于人为干预选择的过程所导致。利用18S rRNA基因的部分序列反映当代不同品种间的进化关系,可为大豆种质资源的利用提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The evolution relationships between Glycine soja and Glycine max were studied by comparing the partial gene sequences of their 18S rRNA in this article.The results were as follows:1 000 bp 18S rRNA genes of 3 wild soybeans and 3 cultivated ones were amplified using primers which were designed according to Arabidopsis thaliana 18S rRNA genes,the homology of 18S rRNA was 99% among the wild soybeans,while was from 97% ～ 98% among cultivated soybeans.By studying the evolutionary relationships of different legume crops with 18S rRNA sequence,we found that soybean was near the root of phylogenetic tree,which suggested that soybean was much more close to the phylogenetically primitive position compared to other legume crops.The results above suggestted that soybean cultivars should become more diversified in the process of evolution,and the fact that soybean varieties had narrow genetic background may be due to human intervention in the process of selecting.In conclusion,18S rRNA gene sequence could reflect the evolutionary relationships between different soybean varieties,which will provide theoretical basis for the utilization of soybean germplasm resources.更多还原