【摘要】 利用2006年湖南小墨山地区的塔层数据和湍流数据,分析了该地区风速风向的年变化以及冬夏两季风温廓线的日变化规律,利用传统近地层通量廓线关系得出了感热通量计算值,并将其与感热通量测量值进行了对比,对经典近地层相似性理论在非均匀下垫面上的应用进行了初步探讨。研究发现小墨山地区的复杂地形对粗糙度、感热通量的计算有重要影响,需要将来流分成不同方向分别讨论。由于北部平原南部山地的影响,偏南风时粗糙度z0大于偏北风。而对夏季感热通量的分析表明,感热通量的计算主要受到山体的影响。北风时测点位于迎风坡,计算值系统偏大,东南风时对应背风坡的情况,计算值系统偏小,西南风与山体走向大体平行,计算值与测量值近似相等;将有偏差的计算值进行修正后,结果得到了明显改善。更多还原

【Abstract】 An observation tower was erected on Xiaomo Mountain,Hunan Province.Besides the collection of turbulence information,routine meteorological data were collected during 2006.Diurnal variances of wind and temperature profiles in winter and summer were analyzed as well as seasonal variances of wind speed and wind direction.Furthermore,sensible heat fluxes calculated using classical flux-profile relationship （H_c） are compared with the directly measured values （H_m）.It is found that the complex terrain around the tower has a distinct impact on the values of roughness length z₀ and calculated sensible heat flux （H_c）;therefore it is necessary to divide the data into 2-3 groups according to the wind directions.The following analysis show that z₀ in the south part of the tower is much higher because of the hilly terrain,and the mountain slope affects the sensible heat flux remarkably.When upslope wind blows,the value of H_c is higher than H_m,and vice versa.Since the trend of the mountain is southwest-northeast,the value of H_c is similar to H_m when the wind is from southwest.Finally,H_c is corrected and the agreement between H_c and H_m is largely improved.更多还原