【摘要】 过去几十年来,沿青藏公路/铁路多年冻土区已经完成了数千个钻孔的钻探工作.经过仔细筛选,对其中的697个钻孔剖面的地下冰分布状况和其中9261个重量含水量的分布特征进行了分析.在水平方向上,依据地下冰的分布特征,把青藏公路/铁路沿线的多年冻土划分成少冰冻土、多冰冻土、富冰冻土、饱冰冻土和含土冰层5个含冰量类别,并详细统计了各类冻土沿公路所占里程.在垂向上,将每个钻孔划分出3个深度段:即多年冻土上限以下1m范围内、上限下深1～10m段及上限下10m以下段,统计了各深度地下冰储量.青藏公路沿线多年冻土的平均厚度为38.79m,平均含水量为17.19%,据此初步估算出青藏高原多年冻土区地下冰的总储量为9528km3.更多还原

【Abstract】 Thousands of boreholes have been drilled along the Qinghai-Tibetan Highway(QTH)to investigate the permafrost distribution during the past 50 years.Permafrost profiles from 697 boreholes,of which 9261 soil water content measurements were conducted,were selected to analyze the characteristics of ground ice distribution.Based on the horizontal distribution of ground ice and water content revealed from borehole profiles,uhe permafrost along the QTH can be divided into five types,i.e.,low-ice content permafrost,high-ice content permafrost,ice-rich permafrost,ice saturated permafrost and ice-layer with soil.The length of each type of permafrost along the QTH was calculated.The vertical distribution of ground ice was also calculated for three vertical sections,i.e.,within 1 m below the permafrost table,from 1 to 10 m below the permafrost table,and beneath 10 m below the permafrost table.The average thickness of permafrost along the QTH is about 38 79 m,and the average weighted water content is about 17 19%.Therefore,the total volume of ground ice in the permafrost regions on the Tibetan Plateau is estimated to be 9 528 km3.更多还原