【摘要】 以玫瑰无须鲃（Puntius conchonius）胚胎为试验材料,通过胚胎的存活率、半致死浓度(LC₅₀)以及胚胎发育过程中的形态学变化等来评价壬基酚（nonylphenol,NP）对玫瑰无须鲃胚胎发育的影响。结果表明,壬基酚对胚胎的影响主要表现在胚胎发育的早期与晚期;壬基酚对胚胎的LC₅₀随着壬基酚对胚胎作用时间的减少而增加,从卵裂期（2～4细胞期）开始染毒到孵化期的LC₅₀为（7.55±0.22）μmol/L,而从成体节期染毒到孵化期的LC₅₀为（10.77±0.08）μmol/L。壬基酚对玫瑰无须鲃胚胎不同发育阶段的影响程度不同,其中最敏感的阶段为成体节期,其次为卵裂期与囊胚期,较不敏感的为原肠胚期。玫瑰无须鲃胚胎对壬基酚毒性反应的主要变化特征为卵凝结、脊椎畸形以及胚胎发育延迟。研究表明,壬基酚对玫瑰无须鲃胚胎的发育具有明显的毒性效应,而鉴于玫瑰无须鲃胚胎对壬基酚的较高敏感性,可将玫瑰无须鲃胚胎作为评价壬基酚对胚胎发育毒性的一种理想模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper is inclined to define the growing toxicity of nonylphenol （ NP） by the rose barb （Puntius conchonius） embryos. In proceeding with our research, we have worked out the median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) and the survival rate when the rose barb embryos were treated with different concentrations of NP （0, 1 μmol/L, 5 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L, 15 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L） . In the experimental process, we have done our trace-observation while tracing the change of the growing morphology under a stereomicroscope at various developmental stages of normal embryos growth and exposured to NP. Furthermore, we have obtained the embryonic development time from their cleavage to hatching while watching their incubation process at different concentrations of NP. Thus, we have first of all determined the main influence of NP on the embryonic development in the early and the final stage from their survival rate, and that of the toxicity of NP on the duration-dependent exposure. It has been confirmed that LC₅₀ proves to rise from （7.55 ± 0.22） μmol/ L at 2 - 4 cell stages to （10.77 ± 0.08） μmol/L at the segmentation stage with their embryos exposed continuously until the stage of hatching. Secondly , the most sensitive effect proves to take place in the segmentation stage whereas its effects on the cleavage and blastula periods were found weaker. More enlightenment of the present study bringing about is found that the least sensitive influence takes place in the gastrula period compared to the other periods. Thirdly, some sensitive toxicological endpoints of rosy barb embryos exposed to NP were coagulated in embryos and spine malformation. And, last of all, NP was also found to have effects on the embryonic development. All in all, the development period from the cleavage to hatching may have been delayed 4 - 5 h if the rose barb embryos were exposed to 15 μmol/L NP. The results demonstrate that NP can give adverse effect on the embryonic development of the rose barb, whose embryos can thus be taken as an emerging model system for the point of view of the study of the toxicity of NP.更多还原