【摘要】 [目的]建立CO2超临界萃取技术提取康藏荆芥(Nepeta pratti Lèvl)精油的最佳工艺。[方法]采用正交试验优化CO2超临界萃取技术提取康藏荆芥精油的工艺。应用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析康藏荆芥精油的主要成分及其含量,并与水蒸气蒸馏法、溶剂法所萃取的康藏荆芥精油的主要成分及其含量进行比较。[结果]利用CO2超临界萃取技术提取的荆芥精油的主要组分为:胡薄荷酮、薄荷酮、石竹烯、D-柠檬烯、反式-香芹醇、辣薄荷烯酮、大=牛儿烯D、2R-顺-5-甲基-2-(1-甲基乙基)环己酮、异胡薄荷酮、柠檬烯、1-辛烯-3-醇,松茸醇、2-环戊基环戊酮、石竹烯氧化物、dactylol、月桂烯,其含量分别为:45.21%、19.90%、1.89%、1.80%、1.49%、1.07%、0.81%、0.78%、0.65%、0.51%、0.51%、0.50%、0.47%、0.40%、0.21%。其中,萃取物中的萜类物质含量最高,可达76.20%。与传统提取法(水蒸气蒸馏法和溶剂浸提法)相比,应用CO2超临界萃取技术提取的康藏荆芥精油中的主要物质胡薄荷酮等含量较高,且萃取出来的物质种类相对较多。[结论]超临界萃取法简便可行,具有传质速率快、穿透能力强、选择性高、萃取效率高、操作温度低等特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] The research aimed to establish the best extraction technology of essential oil from Nepeta pratti Lèvl based on CO2 supercritical extract technology. [Method] The orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the extract technology. And the gas chromatography-mass spectrum(GC-MS) technology was used to analyze the main components and their contents of Nepeta pratti Lèvl volatile oil,then compare them to that of volatile oils extracted by the steam distillation method and the solvent extraction method. [Result] The results showed that the main components of volatile oil extracted by CO2 supercritical extract technology were pulegone,menthone,caryophyllene,D-limonene,trans-carveol,germacrene D,(2R-cis)-5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-Cyclohexanone,isopulegone,limonene,1-octen-3-ol,2-cyclopentylcyclopentanone,caryophyllene oxide,dactylol,β-myrcene,and their content was 45.21%,19.90%,1.89%,1.80%,1.49%,1.07%,0.81%,0.78%,0.65%,0.51%,0.51%,0.50%,0.47%,0.40%,0.21%. Thereinto,the terpenes content was the highest,up to 76.20%. Comparing to the steam distillation method and the solvent extraction method,the main components from Nepeta pratti Lèvl extracted by CO2 supercritical extract technology were the highest,and the kinds of extracted components were relatively more. [Conclusion] Supercritical extraction method is simple and feasible,is characteristics of mass transfer speed quick,penetrability strong,selectivity and extractive efficiency high,operating temperature low and so on.更多还原