【摘要】 目的:探讨低视力患者的心理、社会支持和应对方式。方法:本研究为病例对照研究。采取方便抽样抽取河南省人民医院眼科中心住院治疗的低视力患者102名,并以性别、年龄、受教育程度配对选取对照组99名,用一般情况调查表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和应付方式问卷(CSQ)进行施测。结果:(1)低视力患者的SCL-90总分以及各因子分均高于对照组[如人际关系因子(1.78±0.53)vs.(1.40±0.31),P<0.01];(2)低视力患者主观支持分、社会支持总分均低于对照组[(22.30±4.63)v.s(23.76±5.51),(38.24±7.35)vs.(41.36±6.65),P<0.01];(3)低视力患者解决问题因子分低于对照组[(0.60±0.29)vs.(0.79±0.18),P<0.01],而自责因子分高于对照组[(0.38±0.32)v.s(0.21±0.25),P<0.01];(4)低视力患者SCL-90总分及大多数因子与其社会支持和应对方式呈低到中度相关(r=0.22～0.40,P<0.05,0.01)。结论:低视力患者心理健康状态普遍较差,其心理健康与社会支持和应对方式呈低到中度相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To explore the relationship among psychological health,social support and coping styles in the patients with low-vision.Methods: A total of 102 low-vision patients and 99 normal controls were assessed with the demographic information questionnaires,Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90),Social Support Rating Scale and Coping Styles Questionnaires(CSQ).Results:(1) The total score and all the subscores of SCL-90 in the patients with low-vision were significantly higher than those in the control group [for example,the subscore of interpersonal relationship:(1.78±0.53) vs.(1.40±0.31),P<0.01].(2) The patients with low-vision got significantly lower scores in the subscales of perceived social support and social support than the control group [(22.30±4.63) vs.(23.76±5.51),(38.24±7.35) vs.(41.36±6.65);P<0.01].(3) The patients with low-vision got significantly lower scores in the subscale of solving problem [(0.60±0.29) vs.(0.79±0.18),P<0.01] and higher scores in the subscale of self-appraisal[(0.38±0.32) vs.(0.21±0.25),P<0.01].(4) The total score and most subscores of SCL-90 were significantly correlated with social support and coping styles in the patients with low-vision(r=0.22~0.40,Ps<0.05).Conclusion:The psychological statuses of low-vision patients are not good commonly.In order to enhance the psychological health among the low-vision patients,nurses can improve their social support level and encourage them to use more mature coping styles.更多还原