【摘要】 1926-1933年间,丁颖院士利用广州市东郊犀牛尾沼泽地的普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogonGriff)自然杂种后代,选育出世界上第一个具有野生稻血缘的新品种中山1号。该品种综合了栽培稻与野生稻的优良特点,产量高,长势旺盛,对于寒害、热害及不良土壤等抵抗力强。半个多世纪以来,我国的水稻育种工作者和农民通过系统选育、杂交育种和辐射诱变育种等多种途径进行改良,共衍生了至少8辈95个品种,累计推广面积达824.6万hm2以上,创造了巨大的经济和社会效益,在水稻育种史上是罕见的。研究表明,丁颖院士是我国野生稻种质资源搜集、研究和利用的先驱。普通野生稻是拓宽水稻遗传多样性基础的重要材料,建立以普通野生稻为供体亲本的单片段代换系是利用其优异基因的有效途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 During 1926-1933,by making use of the natural hybrids from Oryza rufipogon indigenous to the marshes of Shee New Wei,east suburbs of Guangzhou city,Academician Ding Ying had bred a new variety Yasten No.1 which was the first variety involving wild rice in the world.The variety was integrated with the excellent characters from cultivated rice and wild rice,as it having high yield,growing vigorously and special tolerance in the lower temperature,in the extremely hot temperature and in the bad soil.During over half a century,at least 95 varieties of eight generations were derived from Yasten No.1,which were bred by Chinese rice breeder and farmers through pedigree selection,hybridization breeding and radioactive mutation breeding.The total cultivated area for these varieties were more than 8.246 million hm2.Thus huge economic and social benefits were produced by them.It is an unusual fact in the history of rice breeding.The research indicates that Academician Ding Ying is the pioneer in the wild rice germplasm collection,conservation,research and utilization in China.O.rufipogon is the important material to broaden the genetic diversity of rice varieties.It is an efficient way to make use of the exotic genes from O.rufipogon through construction of chromosome single segment substitution lines with O.rufipogon as donor parents.更多还原