【摘要】 性别平等和广泛的公众参与是集成水资源管理公平和可持续性的重要体现。本文通过问卷调查资料分析了张掖市甘州区农村妇女参与农民用水户协会管理的现状和意愿,运用Logistic模型定量分析了影响妇女参与协会管理意愿的因素。结果表明:①目前用水户协会管理者中妇女参与的程度非常低,最主要的限制因素是科学文化素质低、没有机会参与、家庭劳动繁重、身体素质差、对自己没有信心、家庭成员不支持;②妇女参与协会管理的意愿与受教育程度、健康状况、家庭成员的态度、心理素质呈显著正相关,与年龄、家庭规模呈显著负相关。基于这些研究结果,提出了相关的政策建议,以改善妇女在水资源利用与管理中的地位和作用,促进妇女参与用水户协会管理,实现水资源管理中的性别平等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Given that water is crucial for China to achieving most of the Millennium Development Goals, the solution does not only lie in developing new technologies and increasing supply, but also in managing the available resources effectively, efficiently and equitably. Gender equality and public participation are the main aspects of the fairness and sustainability of Integrated Water Resource Management, which is aimed at broadening women’s access to water, enhancing women’s participation in water management and promoting gender equality in the water resources management. Water User Association is the main organization forms of agricultural water resources management in China. However, women are seldom considered in this organization, and till now, this problem has not attracted serious attentions. In this paper, women’s present situation and willingness to participate in the Water User Association management are analyzed. By using systematic random procedure, 122 women are interviewed for the study. The Logistic duality regression techniques are used to examine the influential factors of the women’s willingness to participate in the management of Water User Association in rural areas of China. The results show that the majority of women (81%) are eager to participate in the management of Water User Association, but they seldom involve in it primarily due to poor education background, no chance of participation, heavy burdens of housework, adverse health conditions, low self-esteem and the lack for family support. Women’s attitude to participating in the management of Farmer Water User Association is positively correlated with education background, health conditions, family support and self-confidence, while it is negatively correlated with their family scale and age. Based on the results, the following policies and advices are provided to promote the women’s participation in the management of Farmer Water User Association and gender equality in water resources management: 1) establish and improve the operational mechanism of Farmer Water User Association in order to create more opportunities for women; 2) regard gender equality as an index of the Farmer Water User Association operation and management assessment; 3) highlight the important role of family in encouraging women to participate; 4) improve women’s education as well as their decision-making abilities in water management.更多还原