【摘要】 【目的】探讨生态环境对籼粳稻杂交后代穗部性状的影响及其与亚种特性的关系。【方法】以辽宁育成的两个典型的籼粳交重组自交系F6群体(RIL1:中优早8号/丰锦、RIL2:七山占/秋光)为试材,分别在四川和辽宁同年种植,研究穗部性状和亚种特性变化规律及其相互关系。【结果】穗部形态、解剖性状与亚种特性都发生了极显著的变化。从辽宁到四川,穗颈粗和穗颈大维管束数极显著减少,第二节间小维管束数和大维管束比极显著增加,结实率特别是二次枝梗结实率极显著下降,程氏指数更加偏粳。穗颈大维管束数、大小维管束比、大维管束比、结实率和千粒重在亚种类型间差异显著。穗颈节间维管束数目与穗"库"结构性状呈极显著正相关,与籽粒充实特性相关不显著;相反,亚种特性与穗"库"结构性状相关不显著,而与籽粒充实特性呈极显著的正相关。【结论】生态环境对籼粳交后代的穗部性状有极显著的影响。依穗颈粗去选择维管束性状是一条切实可行的途径。穗颈大维管束数、籽粒充实特性、程氏指数三者之间互相制约,北方的育种者要在实践中统筹兼顾。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ecological environments on panicle traits and its relationship with subspecies characteristics in filial generations of cross between indica and japonica.【Method】Two RILs populations,one derived from the cross between Zhongyouzhao8(indica) and Toyonihiki(japonica) named as RIL1,the other derived from the cross between Qishanzhan(indica) and Akihikari(japonica) named as RIL2,were grown in Liaoning and Sichuan to study the effect of ecological environments on panicle traits and its relationship with subspecies characteristics.【Result】The panicle morphological traits,anatomic traits and subspecies characteristics changed significantly.From Liaoning to Sichuan,panicle neck width and the number of large vascular bundles in panicle neck decreased,the number of small vascular bundles in the second top stem and the ratio of large vascular bundles between the second top stem and panicle neck increased,the seed setting rate and seed setting rate on secondary branch decreased significantly.Cheng’s index was more japonicalinous in Sichuan than in Liaoning.The number of large vascular bundles in panicle neck,the ratio of large to small vascular bundles in panicle neck,the ratio of large vascular bundles between the second top stem and panicle neck,seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight showed a significant difference in different subspecies types.The number of vascular bundles showed a significantly positive correlation with the panicle sink structure traits.But there was no significant correlation with the grain plumpness traits.Contrarily,subspecies characteristics showed a positive correlation with the grain plumpness traits and no significant correlation with panicle sink structure traits.【Conclusion】The effects of ecological environments on panicle traits were significant.It is a feasible method to select and improve the vascular bundles traits based on panicle neck width.Because the mutual restraint relationship is found among the number of large vascular bundles in panicle neck,the grain plumpness traits and Cheng’s index,the breeders have to take all factors into consideration in northern China.更多还原