【摘要】 [目的]强化专科医生对人工关节置换手术中两大高危并发症的认识,提高医疗质量,确保医疗安全。[方法]通过相关文献数据库,随机检索近3年国内开展人工髋关节和人工膝关节置换手术中两大高危并发症的发病率,针对并发症因素提出具体防范措施。[结果]从2005～2007年在6种骨科核心期刊上报告人工髋、膝关节置换手术共840例,术后发生深静脉血栓(DVT)者共100例,占总数的11.9%,在6个单位中发生率最低者8.06%,最高20%。同期有3个单位报告发生肺栓塞6例,经抢救成功3例,死亡3例。同期有10种骨科核心期刊报告收治人工髋、膝关节置换手术后发生假体感染171例(172个关节)。[结论]随着我国城乡建设和交通建筑事业的发展,严重关节创伤病例相对增多,加上老龄化人口的增加,为满足人民生活质量的要求,近年来人工关节置换术得到广泛开展,由于人工关节假体及手术器械与配套设施的改进,专科技术的优化,手术成功率越来越高,但术后深静脉血栓的形成,继发肺栓塞以及人工假体感染引起的手术失败,仍是人工关节置换手术开展不可忽视的严重并发症,必须强化专科医生的认识并落实相关防范措施,确保医疗安全和以推动我国人工关节置换技术的良性发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]Two high-risk complications following artificial joint replacement were investigated in an attempt to improve medical quality and ensure medical safety.[Method]By searching relative reference database,the author investigated the incidence of two high risk complications following artificial hip or knee joint replacement in China during the past 3 years.Preventive measures were discussed.[Result]A total of 840 cases of artificial hip or knee joint replacement were reported in 6 key orthopedic periodicals from 2005 to 2007.One hundred cases of deep vein thrombosis(DVT) were found with an incidence of 11.9%.in all 6 periodicals,the lowest incidence was 8.06% and the highest one was 20%.Six cases of pulmonary embolism(PE) were reported by 3 periodicals,of which 3 had a successful emergency rescue and 3 died.In the same period,10 orthopedic periodicals reported 171 cases(172 joints) of prosthesis infection after artificial hip or knee joint replacement.[Conclusion]With rapid development of urban/rural construction and transportation,and the increase of elderly people,severe osteoarticular injury cases have increased relatively.Artificial joint replacement has been wider performed in the clinical practice.Although the success rate has been greatly improved benefited from the upgrades of prosthesis technique and surgical instrument,the complications such as PVT,PE and infection are still risk factors.Relevant preventive measures should be taken to keep safety and advance of artificial replacement technique.更多还原