【摘要】 目的:研究汉中金银花基地忍冬多茬开花在产量、品质方面的差异,为金银花的适时采收和质量控制提供依据。方法:测定金银花4茬花产量指标,并利用HPLC、比色法分别测定第1,2茬花各阶段样品中绿原酸、总黄酮含量,利用超临界CO2流体萃取、GC-MS测定金银花挥发油组成。结果:在4茬花中,第1,2茬花占总产量的80%以上,第1茬花单株花蕾个数几乎是其他3茬花的总和。第1茬花折干率以三青期为最高,第2茬花折干率以二白期最高。在品质指标上,第1茬花的绿原酸和总黄酮含量明显高于第2茬花的,其中以二白期的最高,分别达到3.5%,13.2%。第2茬花则以三青期的绿原酸和总黄酮含量最高,分别达到2.7%,11.6%。对第1茬花5个生长发育阶段花蕾样品的挥发油均检出了19种成分,主要为3大类,即正构烷烃类、脂肪酸类和甾醇类,含量最高的是正二十九烷和正三十一烷,5个发育阶段的相对质量分数分别在40%,20%以上,维生素E的含量也比较高,为8.15%~10.43%,并检测到γ-5-谷甾烯-3-醇、5,2-豆甾二烯-3-醇和菜籽甾醇,其中前2种在挥发油中相对质量分数分别为4.90%~6.9%,1.06%~4.10%。结论:第1,2茬金银花对产量贡献最大,二白、大白期综合品质最好,挥发油中维生素E和甾体组分值得重视。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the quality and quantity changes of Flos Lonicerace during flowering stages in Hanzhong GAP base in order for properly harvesting and quality control.Method: The yield index of Flos lonicerace in four flowering stages was determined,and the contents of chlorogenic acid and the total flavonoid in the samples were determined by HPLC and the colorimetry,respectively.The volatile oils were extracted by the SFE-CO2 and the constituents were analyzed by GC-MS.Result: The yield in the first two flowering times was attributed to about more than 80% of total yield,and the number of flower buds for each plant in the first time was almost the same as the sum of the other three times.The drying rate of the three-site green flowers kept the highest during the first flowering time,and the drying rate of the two-site white flowers kept the highest during the second flowering time.The contents of chlorogenic acid and the total flavonoid in the first flowering time were higher than those in the second,and among them,the two-site white flowers kept the highest,about 3.5% and 13.2%,respectively.For the sample flowers in in the second flowering time,the three-site green flowers kept the highest level of chlorogenic acid and the total flavonoid,about 2.7% and 11.6%,respectively.From the volatile oil samples in the five periods of Flos lonicerace in the first flowering time,19 components were identified by GC-MS.They were composed by three types of compounds,n-diolefines,fatty acids and steroids.Nonacosane and hentriacontane had the relatively higher amount with more than 40% and 20%,respectively.The relative contents of vitamine E were higher too,about 8.15%-10.43%.And,gamma-5-sitostene-3-ol,stigmasta-5,2-diene-3-ol and campesterol were also detected.Among these steroids,the relative contents of the first two were 4.90%-6.9%,1.06%-4.10%,respectively.Conclusion: The flowering samples in the first two times were attributed to the most to the total yield.The samples of the two-site white flower and the whole-white flower had the higher comprehensive quality.The components of vitamine E and the steroids in the volatile oil need to be paid more attention.更多还原