【摘要】 目的了解我国大城市中小学生食物喜好现状及影响因素,为营养干预工作提供科学依据。方法采用三阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,从北京等7个城市选取9194名中小学生作为研究对象,使用问卷调查收集其对各类食物的喜爱和厌恶特点。结果小学生、初中生和高中生有食物喜好的比例分别为71.1%、66.6%和58.1%。中小学生喜欢吃的食物种类主要为肉类、水果和零食,喜欢吃的主要原因为口味好、健康/有营养和闻起来香;不喜欢吃的食物主要为蔬菜、肥肉和刺激性气味类食物,不喜欢吃的主要原因为口味不好、闻起来不香和不健康/没有营养。对待不喜欢吃的食物,小学生和初中生选择"只吃一点"的比例最高,分别为42.6%和45.3%;高中生选择"一点也不吃"的比例最高,为55.4%。结论城市中小学生存在不合理的食物喜好倾向,要对他们加强宣传教育,养成良好的饮食习惯。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the food preference of primary and secondary students and its problems,and to provide scientific information for developing effective nutrition education programs. Methods Random three-stage cluster sampling method was employed in the current study. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 9194 primary and secondary students who were chosen from seven cities in China. Results The percentage of food preference were 71.1%,66.6% and 58.1%,respectively,in primary school,Junior and senior high school. Meat,fruits,and sweets were the favorite kinds of food for the primary and secondary students,while vegetables,fat meat,and irritating food led the dislikes. Taste,health/nutrition,and smell were the major influencing factors for their food preference. 42.6% of the primary scholars and 45.3% of the junior high school students chose "just have a little "for the dislikes,while 55.4% of the senior high school students chose"do not eat it at all". Conclusion Most urban primary and secondary students had food like and dislike that would affect their dietary intakes. Effective nutrition education strategies should be developed in order to foster students’ healthy eating practices.更多还原