【摘要】 目的:了解深圳地区妇女乳腺疾病和乳腺癌的发病情况,探讨其相关流行病学危险因素,研究预防乳腺癌的可能干预措施,并为政府提供医学信息资源。方法:利用计划生育技术服务机构网络,在深圳市、区的计生中心开展妇科病普查的同时,进行乳腺疾病尤其是乳腺癌的筛查,包括乳腺的临床触诊、红外线乳腺扫描、高频B超、X线钼/铑双靶乳房摄片、内分泌激素6项测定以及病理组织学检查等方法。结果:共筛查75 490例妇女,82 800例次。经筛查发现,乳腺疾病总患病率为39.7%;乳腺增生症有30 927例(37.4%),乳腺纤维腺瘤1 431例(1.7%),乳腺囊肿1 276例(1.5%),乳腺导管扩张症95例(0.1%),乳腺癌62例(74.9/10万)。结论:筛查发现育龄期妇女的乳腺疾病患病率颇高,以乳腺增生症最常见,多次人工流产可能是其发病的高危因素之一;乳腺纤维腺瘤在30～39岁年龄组患病率最高,比文献所载的年龄推迟;乳腺癌的发病年龄高峰在40～55岁,比国外的发病高峰年龄提前10年。流行病学问卷分析提示,在新兴移民城市深圳,上述各种乳腺疾病的高患病率可能与职业女性工作压力大、节奏快、生活方式时尚、饮食习惯改变以及环境污染等因素有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To observe the morbidities of breast diseases and breast cancer of women in Shenzhen,explore risk factors of epidemiology and prevention of breast cancer.Methods:Questionnaire,palpation,infra scan,B-type ultrasound,mammography,pathological examination and sex hormones detection were employed in the study.Results:The total morbidity of breast diseases among 75 490 women was 39.7%;30 927 cases(37.4%) were found hyperplasia of mammary glands,1 431 cases(1.7%) were found fibroadenoma of breast,1 276 cases(1.5%) were found mammary cyst,95 cases(0.1%) were found mammary ductectasis,62 cases(74.9/100 000) were found breast cancer.Conclusion:The morbidity of breast diseases in women during child-bearing period is high,hyperplasia of mammary glands is major breast diseases,whose high risk factor is recurrent abortion;the morbidity of fibroadenoma of breast in women aged 30~39 years is the highest;high morbidity of breast cancer is found in women aged 40~55 years.The high morbidity of breast diseases maybe related to work stress,the modem life style and the contaminated environments in Shenzhen.更多还原