【摘要】 通过室内模拟试验,采用吸收法和土柱淋溶法研究了施用坡缕石对黄绵土中尿素氮的挥发和淋溶的影响.结果表明:施用坡缕石+尿素处理能降低尿素氨挥发高峰期的挥发速率,比单施尿素处理的氨挥发损失减少了13.6%～15.0%.坡缕石施用量为0.3和0.6gkg-1时,降低了NH4+-N和NO3--N的淋溶速率,无机氮淋溶损失比单施尿素处理分别减少13.7%和13.6%;而坡缕石施用量为0.9g·kg-1时,加快了NH4+-N和NO3--N的淋溶速率,无机氮淋溶损失比单施尿素处理增加了6.1%.施用低量(0.3g·kg-1)坡缕石+尿素处理土壤的NH4+-N含量比单施尿素处理提高了0.20mg·kg-1,而施用高量(0.9g·kg-1)坡缕石+尿素处理土壤的NH4+-N含量比单施尿素处理降低了0.42mg·kg-1;施用坡缕石+尿素处理土壤的NO3--N含量比单施尿素处理增加1.24～2.52mg·kg-1.表明施用坡缕石能减少土壤中尿素氨的挥发损失,在一定用量范围内能降低NH4+-N和NO3--N的淋失,提高土壤NH4+-N和NO3--N含量.更多还原

【Abstract】 By the methods of adsorption and soil column leaching,a laboratory simulation test was conducted to study the effects of palygorskite application on the volatilization and leaching losses of urea nitrogen in loess soil. Comparing with applying urea fertilizer alone,the addition of palygorskite could decrease the volatilization rate of soil urea N at peak time,with the ammonia volatilization loss decreased by 13.6%-15.0%. When the palygorskite application rate was 0.3 and 0.6 g·kg-1,the leaching rate of soil NH4+-N and NO3--N decreased,with the leaching loss of soil mineral N decreased by 13.7% and 13.6%,respectively. Applying 0.9 g·kg-1 of palygorskite application increased the leaching rate of soil NH4+-N and NO3--N,with the leaching loss of soil mineral N increased by 6.1%. Applying 0.3 g·kg-1 of palygorskite increased soil NH4+-N content by 0.20 mg·kg-1,while applying 0.9 g·kg-1 of palygorskite decreased soil NH4+-N content by 0.42 mg·kg-1. Palygorskite application increased soil NO3--N content by 1.24-2.52 mg·kg-1. It was concluded that the application of palygorskite could decrease the volatilization rate of urea N,and applying appropriate amounts of palygorskite could decrease the leaching loss of soil mineral N and increase the contents of soil NH4+-N and NO3--N.更多还原