【摘要】 一般认为,定语是体词性中心语前边的修饰成分,状语是谓词性成分前边的修饰成分。近年来,形容词直接修饰动词的"a+v"词组大量涌现,如"大量研究、初步调查、重大调整、严格训练、严肃批评"等。它们究竟是状中结构还是定中结构,一般需依据上下文来判定。本文通过真实语料的实例分析了这种歧义结构的语法特点和分布,并建议把"a+v"定中词组中心语的词性标注为名词,即把"v"视为动、名兼类词。这样做的目的是让"定语"名正言顺地成为汉语"体词性中心语前边的修饰成分"。本文还对三个带标语料库进行了动、名兼类词的调查,动、名兼类的比例大约在7%(国家平衡语料库)到32%(北大语料库)之间,不会构成汉语"词无定类"的威胁。更多还原

【Abstract】 Generally speaking, the attributive adjunct is the modifier before a nominal head, and the adverbial adjunct the modifier before a predicative head. Zhu Dexi, however, points out that "a predicative head is sometimes modified by an attributive adjunct like qunzhong de zhichi (群众的支持) and wendu de xiajiang (温度的下降)". In fact, both functions of the word de (的) in above phrases are not negligible, since phrases with and without de are totally different constructions. Guo Rui claims that the attribute adjunct with de transforms the following head to nominal in whole at the syntactic level. If we accept such an assumption, it is not necessary to revise the traditional definition of attribute adjunct any more. While "a+v" construction, i.e. verbs modified by adjectives directly without de like daliang yanjiu (大量研究a great deal of research) and chubu diaocha (初步调查elementary investigation),frequently appears in running text recently, it has not been discussed in Zhu’s paper. Whether it is adverbial-head construction or attribute-head construction should be identified in context in general. This paper analyses the grammatical characteristics and the distribution of such kind of ambiguous constructions through corpus examples, and proposes that the part of speech (POS) of the head word in the "a+v" construction should be tagged as noun in annotated corpora, i.e. identifying the head of the construction as both verb and noun. The purpose of this proposal is to confirm that "the attributive adjunct is the modifier before a nominal head" in contemporary Chinese. It also figures out the proportion of words with both verb and noun tags to the total words in three annotated corpora: 7% in NCC corpus and 32% in PKU corpus respectively. It shows that the statistics result will not lead to the risk of "words without categories" in contemporary Chinese.更多还原