【摘要】 位于潮汐河段的苏通大桥采用大直径、超长钻孔灌注群桩基础,而且需要考虑钢护筒的共同作用。为此采用广角度监测技术,跟踪观测钢护筒、桩身钢筋和混凝土的应力响应。但不同类型和处于不同部位的传感器,由于工作原理、精度、安装埋设方式以及影响因素的不同,而导致实测数据的类型和特性存在较大差异。故需采用多传感器信息融合技术,以过滤异常测值、提取特征信息、形成融合决策。但原型观测数据包含有强烈的、来源于潮汐等环境因素产生的噪声,从而严重干扰对数据的分析和预测。而且这类噪声使观测数据产生异常过程和异常群,很难利用冗余信息和数据的时空对比进行检出。故需在采用数据融合理论检出并剔除粗差的基础上,进一步采用小波阈值消噪法分层剥离单个传感器的环境噪声,并根据不同类型传感器观测结果的可信度和重要性,利用基于权最优分配原则的数据融合算法,对消噪后的多个传感器实测数据进行融合。研究结果表明,小波分层消噪技术能够有效分离不同的环境噪声,数据融合技术能够较好地将各传感器的观测数据协调地组合起来,形成对群桩基础应力响应和环境实况更可靠地判断。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sutong Bridge located in the tidal reach adopts the pile-group foundation with large-diameter and over-length bored piles working with the steel casing together.Therefore,extensive angle monitoring is adopted to observe the structure response of steel casing,reinforcing steel bar and concrete.Because the sensors of different types and various locations have different working principals,precisions,installing and embedding manners and influence factors,the types and characteristics of measured data have great differences.So,multi-sensor information fusion technology is used to filter abnormal values,extracting characteristic information and constitute integrative decision.However,the observed data of prototype contain the strong noises caused by environmental factors such as the tide,which seriously interferes the analysis and forecasting of data.Furthermore,this type of noise would make the measured data bring about anomalous process and anomalies group,which is difficult to be detected through the redundant information and spatiotemporal contrast of the measured data.On the basis of data detection according to fusion algorithm and gross errors rejection,with the help of wavelet threshold denoising method,the noises caused by a single sensor are further eliminated gradually.According to the credibility and importance for the observed results from different types of sensors,the measured data from multi-sensor after denoising are fused based on the data fusion algorithm of optimal weight distribution principle.The practice has proven that the wavelet layered denoising technology can be used to effectively separate different noises;and the observed data offered by various sensors can be combined in phase by making use of multi-sensor data fusion technology,so that the stress response of pile-group foundation of Sutong Bridge and the surrounding environment can get a more reliable judgment.更多还原