【摘要】 目的:了解北京市海淀区农村地区常见慢性非传染性疾病(慢病)的患病状况、人群特点及相关影响因素,为农村社区慢病防治策略的制定提供参考。方法:采用分层随机抽样的方式对海淀区18岁以上农村居民进行横断面问卷调查。结果:(1)高血压、糖尿病及冠心病是海淀区农村居民患病率最高的3种慢性疾病,患病率分别为14.7%、4%和3.6%。(2)男性农村居民吸烟率为44.8%,女性为4.8%。(3)男性农村居民的经常饮酒率为30.9%,女性为1.7%。(4)31.5%的居民经常从事体育锻炼。(5)健康体检、健康咨询和饮食指导是海淀区农村居民最需要的社区卫生服务项目,需求比例分别为(52.2%、22.4%和5.5%)。(6)多元Logistic分析结果显示年龄高、女性、教育程度低、嗜咸及嗜辛辣是慢病患病的独立危险因素,同时由于慢病患者更倾向于调整自己的生活方式,造成患者中素食、参加体育锻炼及不饮酒者的比例高于未患病人群。结论:(1)海淀区农村社区慢病防治工作应针对高血压、糖尿病和冠心病及其危险因素。(2)应进一步加强对居民饮食的指导,尤其是限盐的问题。(3)农村社区卫生工作中应加强为农村居民建立健康档案,鼓励周期性的体检和咨询,跟踪健康状态的变化,并进一步开展有针对性的健康管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To monitoring the prevalence rates of major Non-communicable Chronic Diseases (NCDs) in rural area of Haidian district; to identify characteristics and influence factors of NCDs epidemic in rural population; to provide evidences for health related decision making process.Method:A stratified random sampling based cross-sectional questionnaire survey was carried out in rural area of Haidian district in the year 2007, 21?272 subjects over 18 years old were included in this survey.Result:(1) Hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease were the three most popular NCDs in the study population, with prevalence rates 14.7%、4% and 3.6% respectively. (2) The smoking rate of men was 44.8% and 4.8% for women. (3) Alcohol drinking rate of men was 30.9% and 1.7% for women. (4) 31.5% of study population took physical activity regularly. (5) Regular physical examination, health consultation and direct on health diet were the three most needed community health services. (6) The result of a Binary Logistic regression shows the characteristics of people with any kind and combination of NCDs were aging, female, low education level, salty and spicy diet, non-drinking, took physical activity. The unexpected results of drinking and physical activity implied that in order to control the diseases people with NCDs were more likely to adjust their behaviors.Conclusion:(1) The health policy of NCDs control in rural area should focus on hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart diseases and their risk factors. (2) More effort should be made on health diet especially on salt intake. (3) Providing sustainable physical examination, health consultation services and establishing health record system may meet the requirements of rural population.更多还原