【摘要】 [目的]分析宜昌市病毒性乙型肝炎流行现状,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。[方法]采用描述流行病学方法对1997~2006年病毒性乙型肝炎发病情况和流行特征进行统计与分析。[结果]10年间,该市乙肝报告发病率波动在40.08/10万~85.31/10万之间,年均发病率为57.40/10万,报告发病数、报告发病率大致呈逐年上升趋势。全年均有发病,季节性不明显;城市发病率明显高于农村;年龄以青壮年为主,男性多于女性;职业分布以农民、工人、干部职员为主。[结论]应加强青壮年组乙肝防治措施,尤其应加强流动人口较多的城市地区的防治措施;今后在实施新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫的同时,应考虑开展对未接种过乙肝疫苗的儿童和重点人群进行乙肝疫苗免疫;开展和加强乙肝监测,尤其是重点人群的预防和监测工作;提高乙肝疫苗接种率;加强血液制品的监督管理,重视安全注射,开展宣传教育,以有效控制乙肝流行。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To analyze the epidemiological trend of Type B viral hepatitis in Yichang,so as to provide sci-entific basis for establishing prevention and countermeasures.[Methods] The descriptive epidemiologic method was conducted to analyze the prevalence status and epidemiologic characteristics of Type B viral hepatitis.[Results] During the past ten years,the incidence of Type B viral hepatitis fluctuated during 40.08 /100,000 to 85.31 /100,000,and the annual incidence was 57.40 /100,000.The number of patients with Type B viral hepatitis and the incidence of Type B viral hepatitis showed an increase trend.Cases with Type B viral hepatitis observed all around the year,and there was not seasonal peak for the Type B viral hepatitis.The incidence in urban areas was significantly higher than rural areas,and most of the people with Type B viral hepatitis were young people,and most of them are peasants,workers and office workers.[Conclusion] It is necessary to strength prevention and treatment for Type B viral hepatitis among younger people,and we should offer hepatitis B vaccine to unvaccinated children and high-risk groups as well as the newborns.The key factors to control the epidemic of Type B viral hep-atitis is to enforce surveillance of hepatitis B among the high risk people,improve the immunization coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccine,strengthen supervision of blood products,pay great attention to safe injection and develop health propaganda.更多还原