【摘要】 【目的】分离筛选苄嘧磺隆的高效降解菌株,为磺酰脲类除草剂土壤残留危害的综合治理提供候选生物制剂。【方法】采用查氏培养基,从采自全国5省市的23份土壤样品中筛选降解菌,以苄嘧磺隆为唯一碳源进行摇瓶培养复筛,以相对降解率为评价标准,确定高效降解菌株,根据形态初步鉴定其种属,研究其降解特性。【结果】从土壤中分离筛选出能耐受500mg/L苄嘧磺隆的真菌与细菌菌株共计78株,其中共培养2d后,菌株BP-H-01对25～500mg/L苄嘧磺隆的相对降解率达80%以上,根据形态学特征初步确定该菌株为曲霉属(Aspergillus sp.)真菌。菌株BP-H-01降解苄嘧磺隆的最适pH为7.5,最适温度为28℃,初始接菌量2g/L,在此条件下相对降解率可达84.5%。【结论】菌株BP-H-01对苄嘧磺隆具有显著降解效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] The study was done to isolate the effective fungi strains for biodegrading bensulfuron-methyl,one of the most widely used herbicides in China,and provide prospect candidate biological preparations for reducing sulfonylurea herbicide residues in the soil.[Method] The degrading fungi were isolated in Czapek media from poor nutrient or serious contaminated soil collected from several provinces in China,and then screened in the media of bensulfuron-methyl as only carbohydrate.The effective degrading fungi were determined according to the degrading rate and the morphology and the degradation characteristics were preliminarily identified.[Result] A bensulfuron-methyl highly effective degradation fungus strain BP-H-01 with above 80% of relative degradation rate to 25-500 mg/L of bensulfuron-methyl,which was screened from 78 fungi and bacteria strains,tolerated 500 mg/L of bensulfuron-methyl. Based on morphological study,BP-H-01 was identified as Aspergillus sp.The optimum conditions for degrading Bensulfuron-methyl were pH 7.5,28 ℃ and 2 g/L of the inoculated quantity respectively.In this condition,the degradation rate achieved 84.5%.[Conclution] Fungus strain BP-H-01 can biodegrade remarkably bensulfuron-methyl specially.更多还原