【摘要】 【目的】研究野生和人工种植甘草田害虫天敌资源种类、群落特征及种群动态间的区别,为甘草害虫综合防治策略的制定提供理论依据。【方法】采用田间随机5点取样(4株/点)和网扫(10复网)对甘草田昆虫及天敌资源进行调查,用多样性、丰富度、均匀度等群落特征指数进行群落特征分析。【结果】甘草田害虫天敌有12种,其中野生甘草田有12种,人工甘草田有6种,个体数量分别占害虫天敌总量的58.99%和41.01%。野生甘草田和人工甘草田昆虫的丰富度指数分别为9.79和9.69,多样性指数分别为2.21和1.90,均匀度分别为0.69和0.58;害虫天敌的丰富度指数分别为5.67和3.50,多样性指数分别为1.94和1.27,均匀度分别为0.69和0.68。野生甘草田生态系统中,天敌(优势种群为多异瓢虫、七星瓢虫)与害虫(甘草蚜)的跟随关系较人工甘草田紧密,天敌数量在时间序列上波动幅度较小,保持着较为稳定的物种平衡。【结论】人为干扰大的人工甘草生态系统害虫天敌物种及数量均明显少于人为干扰小的野生甘草生态系统。自然条件下,野生甘草田生态系统物种和数量趋于稳定平衡,变化幅度较小,昆虫及天敌的多样性、丰富度、均匀度及天敌个体数量明显大于人为干扰大的人工甘草田生态系统。野生甘草田害虫数量被控制在一定范围内,表现出很好的自然控制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 The research studied systematically the insects in wild and artificial field of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and confirmed the natural enemy species,number and distribution characteristics.【Method】 Plots,4 strains in each plot,were taken to analyze the diversity,richness and evenness of the insects and their natural enemies.【Result】 There were 12 natural enemy species in Glycyrrhiza uralensis field and among them there were 12 species in wild field and 6 species in artificial field.The number of natural enemy species of wild and artificial fields was 58.99 and 41.01 percent respectively.Insects Richness was 9.79 and 9.69,diversity 2.21 and 1.90,evenness 0.69 and 0.58 in wild and artificial Glycyrrhiza uralensis fields respectively.Natural enemies richness was 5.67 and 3.50,diversity 1.94 and 1.27,evenness 0.69 and 0.68 indexes in wild and artificial Glycyrrhiza uralensis fields respectively.Population dynamics of natural enemies were indicated that the following relation between natural enemies(dominant populations were Adonia variegate Goeze and Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus) and pest(Aphis atrata) in wild field was closer than that in artificial field.The number fluctuation of natural enemies,from 0 to 1.6 every sample,was little in wild field,in which species kept balance.【Conclusion】 As a result,the species and amount of natural enemies in wild field was obviously less than that in artificial field.Insect species and amount tended to stabilize in wild Glycyrrhiza uralensis with natural condition.Diversity,abundance,evenness and individual number of insects and natural enemies in wild field were superior to those in artificial field obviously.Pests was controlled in some limited range and natural enemies displayed good natural controlled effects.更多还原