【摘要】 回顾性分析我中心感染科确诊的30例流行性乙型脑炎住院患者临床资料,分析流行性乙型脑炎的流行病学特征和临床特点,提高临床医师对该病的诊疗水平。结果显示,各年龄组人群均可发病,但儿童发病率较高。夏、秋季多发,集中在7?9月份,占全年病例的90%以上。所有患者均有发热、颅内高压症状,21例(70.0%)有意识障碍,14例(46.7%)出现抽搐,8例(26.7%)出现呼吸衰竭。脑膜刺激征阳性20例(66.7%),病理征阳性18例(60.0%)。脑脊液检查蛋白增高,白细胞计数均在300×106/L以下,糖和氯化物基本正常。脑脊液乙型脑炎特异性IgM抗体阳性率为100%。23例治愈或好转出院(76.7%),4例(13.3%)病情加重而自愿出院,3例(10.0%)治疗无效死亡。乙型脑炎仍是夏、秋季常见的中枢神经系统感染性疾病,流行区的儿童和青少年是易感人群。血液和脑脊液乙型脑炎特异性IgM抗体检查可明确诊断,对症支持治疗是治疗的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 The goal of the current study was aimed to examine the epidemiological and clinical features of epidemic encephalitis type B and to improve the levels of diagnosis and treatment.The clinical data of 30 patients with epidemic encephalitis type B were analyzed retrospectively.Although all people are susceptible to this disease,children were more easily affected.More than 90% of the cases occurred in summer and autumn.All patients presented with fever and intracranial hypertension.Twenty-one patients(70.0%)experienced a conscious disturbance.Fourteen patients(46.7%)presented with a tic and 8 patients(26.7%)experienced respiratory failure.Signs of meningeal irritation were positive in 20 cases and pathological signs were positive in 18 cases.The level of protein was high and leukocyte count was below 300×106/L in cerebrospinal fluid.The contents of chloride and glucose were normal.The positive rate of epidemic encephalitis type B-specific IgM antibody in cerebrospinal fluid was 100%.Twenty-three cases were cured or improved(76.7%),4 cases voluntarily discharged against medical advice(13.3%)and 3 patients died(10.0%).The results showed that epidemic encephalitis type B was most common in summer and autumn and that children and adolescents in epidemic areas were most susceptible.A correct diagnosis of epidemic encephalitis type B can be made by detecting specific IgM antibody in cerebrospinal fluid and blood.Symptomatic and supportive treatments are key parts of therapy.更多还原