【摘要】 应用光学显微镜对安徽省天马国家级自然保护区早春开花的13科19属20种(其中1亚种,2变种)植物的花粉形态进行了观察和研究。结果表明花粉粒扁球形至长球形,P/E值最大的为杏(Armeniaca uulglaris Lam.),大小为1.32(1.17-1.60)μm,最小的为旌节花(Stachyurus chinensis Franch.),大小为0.86(0.83-0.89)μm;花粉最大的为北京忍冬(Loniceraelisae Franch.),大小为85.5(75.0-97.0)×73.75(63.75-82.5)μm;最小的为鄂西清风藤[Sabiacampanulate Wall.ex Roxb.subsp.ritchieae(Rehd.et Wils.)Y.F.Wu],大小为17.62(15.32-19.68)×14.3(12.51-16.44)μm。萌发孔主要有3-4沟(20%)、多沟(5%)、3-4孔沟(65%)、散孔(10%)等类型。外壁纹饰主要有刺状(5%)、细网状(85%)、粗网状(10%)等类型。同时研究了这些花粉的形态特征、地理分布及其生态因子。根据这些植物在该地区赖以生存的生态因子,包括地理位置、海拔高度、年降水量、年积温、生境,以及开花期间的最低温度、最高温度和月积温,得出这些植物分布区的主要生态因子,为利用地层中相应化石花粉重建大别山区古气候、古环境及气候变迁提供了现代孢粉学资料和依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pollen morphology of 17 species,one subspecies and two varieties, from National Natural Reservation Region of Tianma,Anhui are described and illustrated under light microscope (LM). The pollen grains are 3(-4)-colpate (20%), 6-zonocolpate (5%), 3(-4)-colporate (65%), pantocolpate (10%) in aperture, with a size of 17.62—85.5×14.3—73.75 μm, mostly subspheroidal to subprolate, rarely oblate-suboblate or prolate in shape (P/E=0.81-1.60). The largest pollen grains is Lonicera elisae Franch., 85.5 (75.0-97.0)×73.75 (63.75-82.5)μm;the smallest pollen grains is Sabia campanulate Wall. ex Roxb. subsp. ritchieae (Rehd. et Wils.) Y. F. Wu, 17.62 (15.32-19.68)×14.3 (12.51-16.44)μm. The ornamentations of exine are spinulose (5%), finely reticulate (85%), coarsely reticulate (10%). Additionally, the connection between the geographical distribution, ecological factors and pollen morphology are studied. The main ecological factors of the area are obtained, including geographi-cal position, altitude, annual precipitation, annual accumulated temperature, habitat and the factors of climate in the early spring. On the basis of these information, we get the main ecological factors of these plants,which is significant for estimating the palaeovegetation, palaeoclimate, paleaoenvironment and climatic variation by utilizing the fossil pollen of the Sporo-pollen assemblage.更多还原