【摘要】 为了克服脱嵌锂过程中体积变化引起的机械疲劳导致使用纯锡作为锂离子电池负极时锡的循环性能很差这一问题,通过氧化铝(AAO)模板辅助生长方法制备了锡纳米棒电极.用扫描电子显微镜,X射线衍射分析,循环伏安和恒流充放电测试对锡纳米棒电极的结构和电化学性能进行了初步表征.扫描电子显微镜观察显示,铜集流体表面均匀分布着锡纳米棒,锡纳米棒的平均直径约250nm.电化学测试结果表明,锡纳米棒电极比平面薄膜电极具有更好的容量保持率和倍率性能.在C/10充放电倍率条件下,第10次循环的容量仍达到第一次循环的80%,即使在1C倍率下,容量仍高于540mAh·g-1.更多还原

【Abstract】 One of the most important problems in utilizing a pure tin anode for lithium ion rechargeable batteries is its poor cyclability due to mechanical fatigue caused by volume changes during lithium insertion and extraction processes. To overcome this problem, tin nanorod electrodes were fabricated by an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template-assisted growth method. The structural and electrochemical properties of the tin nanorod electrode were examined using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic cycling. Scanning electron microscopic observations revealed that the copper substrate was covered with uniformly distributed tin nanorods with average diameters of about 250 nm. Electrochemical test results showed that the capacity retention and the rate capabilities of the tin nanorod electrodes were better than those of the planar electrodes. At the tenth cycle, the capacity of the tin nanorod electrode at the C/10 rate still remained 80% of that of the first cycle. Even at the 1C rate, the capacities remained larger than 540 mAh·g-1.更多还原