【摘要】 无机材料点缺陷的研究具有基础性和前沿性特色,是当前高技术陶瓷发展中的一个新兴的技术支撑,具有诱人的应用前景,甚为世人瞩目.点缺陷结构与高技术陶瓷的物理和化学性能密切相关.本文就点缺陷能量、生成、缔合、点缺陷和界面间的互作用等化学和物理机制,点缺陷的电子学以及点缺陷工程研究中的最新进展等方面进行了综述.本文还就点缺陷对改善高技术陶瓷的电、磁、光、力和生物等性能所提供的美好前景进行了评述,以期有助于今后我国在无机材料领域原创性和开拓性研究的深入发展.更多还原

【Abstract】 The structure and behavior of defects,especial point defects are the key to understand the structural imperfection of structure-sensitive advanced ceramics and related devices.A conception of chemistry and physics,especially for electronics on the point defect in the advanced ceramics is briefly reviewed in the present work.Several achieved examples of defect engineering and microscopic control technology for improving some ceramics/devices of electric,magnetic,optical,mechanical and/or biological behavior by defect improve/rebuild are discussed.The knowledge of how defects influence the ceramics/device performance is revealed and point defects provide very useful tools for understanding their basic characteristics and to open up their potentiality of the new advanced ceramics/devices in the near future.更多还原