【摘要】 目的比较不同性状、不同留置时间的痰标本涂片检查抗酸杆菌的检出水平,探讨痰标本的留置时间、标本质量与抗酸杆菌检出结果的关系。方法采用痰抗酸杆菌直接涂片检查、萋-尼氏抗酸染色,统计分析不同留置时间和不同性状痰标本的涂片检查的阳性检出率。结果3249份初诊即时、夜间、清晨咳出的干酪痰、血痰、粘液痰、唾液标本的涂片结果差异有统计学意义,清晨痰、干酪痰检出率最高为30.75%、70.03%;不同咳痰时间、不同性状痰标本中阳性标本的分布,含菌量差异均有统计学意义;目视挑取有效部分涂片与随意挑取涂片阳性检出率差异亦有统计学意义。结论痰标本的留置时间、标本质量对痰涂片抗酸杆菌检出率有很大影响,清晨痰、干酪痰阳性检出率最高;目视挑取干酪样、脓样或可疑部分进行涂片可显著提高阳性检出率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To compare the detection rate of acid-fast bacilli in sputum samples from different collection time and sputum property,and to explore the relation between the detection rate of acid-fast bacilli and sputum samples from different collection time and property.Methods The smear acid-fast bacilli and Ziehl-Neelsen staining were used to analyze the difference of smear-positive rate in sputum samples from different collection time and sputum property.Results There were statistically significant differences in the smear results of 3,249 caseous,blood or mucus sputum samples collected from the instant,night or early morning.The positive detection rates from early morning and caseous samples were 30.75% and 70.03% respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of the positive samples and the amount of acid-fast bacilli in sputum samples from different collection time and property.There were statistically significant differences in the positive detection rates between the smear samples by visual selection and selection at random.Conclusions The detection rate of acid-fast bacilli in sputum samples is notably influenced by different collection time and sample quality.The positive detection rates of early morning sample and caseous sputum sample are the highest.Visual selection of caseous or purulent sputum samples can significantly increase the positive detection rate.更多还原