【摘要】 目的探讨孕期饮食习惯与出生婴儿湿疹之间的关系,并通过对孕妇饮食的护理干预来影响婴儿湿疹的发生。方法筛选我院两年来孕检的118名孕妇,随机分成观察组和对照组,对观察组进行饮食护理干预,通过对脐血和婴儿血清中总IgE抗体(tIgE)含量的检测和嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)变化情况比较,观察其与婴儿湿疹的发生关系;并对发生婴儿湿疹患儿,检测鸡蛋、牛奶和海鲜过敏原特异性IgE(sIgE)。结果脐血清中tIgE和ECP增高与婴儿血清中变化呈正相关(rIgE=0.67,P<0.01;rECP=0.56,P<0.05);检测过敏原sIgE含量与婴儿湿疹临床诊断之间符合率较高;观察组脐带血清、婴儿血清中tIgE含量和ECP增高均明显低于对照组(P<0.05、P<0.01);且婴儿湿疹发生率也明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。婴儿湿疹中鸡蛋血清sIgE阳性率最高(70.8%),其次为牛奶sIgE(46.3%);同时比较118名婴儿纯母乳、混合和人工喂养三种不同喂养方式,经统计学处理,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论孕妇孕期过多食用大分子食物可能是导致婴儿湿疹的主要原因之一;婴儿湿疹与鸡蛋、牛奶和海鲜过敏原密切相关,尤其是鸡蛋;而婴儿喂养方式不同与婴儿湿疹发生无明显关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the relationship between prenatal diet and infantile eczema,and to put forward nursing intervention to influence infantile eczema incidence.Methods A total of 118 pregnant women undergoing prenatal examination were screened and randomly assigned into observation group and control group.Women in observation group received nursing intervention on their diet.Through detecting the total Ig-E antibody content in neonatal cord serum and infant serum and comparing the change of eosinopnil cation protein(ECP) to observe the correlation between prenatal diet and infantile eczema.The specific Ig-E in allergens of egg,milk as well as seafood was also detected in infants with eczema.Results The total Ig-E antibody content and increased ECP in neonatal cord serum was positively related to the change in infant serum(rIgE=0.67,P<0.01;rECP=0.56,P<0.05).The coincidence rate between the detected content of specific Ig-E allergen and clinical diagnosis of infantile eczema was high.The serum total Ig-E,antibody content,increased ECP,as well as the incidence rate of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01).The serum specific Ig-E in egg had the highest positive rate(70.8%),followed by 46.3% in milk.Exclusive breastfeeding,mixed breeding,and artificial feeding were compared in 118 infants,and the results showed no significant difference through statistically analyzing(P>0.05).Conclusions Overeating macromolecular food during pregnancy is one of the probable main causes resulting in infantile eczema.The allergen in egg,milk and seafood is closely related to infantile eczema,especially that in egg.But the feeding patterns show no obvious relativity to infantile eczema.更多还原