【摘要】 探讨推铅球成绩与肱三头肌纤维类型和力量产生之间的关系。选取13个体育教育专业的男生进行为期5周的推铅球训练,并测定最后推铅球的成绩。在训练指导期间,按照要求参加实验测试:对肘伸肌分别以0.52、1.05、1.57、2.09、3.14、4.19弧度每秒的角速度进行等速力矩测试;最大强度与爆发性快速卧推测试;坐姿分别推1、2、3、4、5、6kg铅球测试;用全身与上体手臂抗阻测试来测量全身与上臂肌肉质量;采集肱三头肌长头处肌肉切片样本并利用ATP酶组织化学分析其肌纤维的组成。研究发现,推铅球成绩与以下几个因子存在着显著性相关:与肌肉纤维类型Ⅱ面积的相关系数r=0.70(P<0.01);与坐姿推铅球相关系数为r=0.60~0.79(P<0.05);与肘伸肌等速运动的相关系数为r=0.65~0.78(P<0.05);与卧推成绩之间的相关系数为r>0.86(P<0.01)以及与上臂横断面积的相关系数为r=0.68(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,肱三头肌的肌纤维组成与其力量产生能力是铅球成绩的一个主要因素,另外上臂力量与推铅球成绩间的高度相关表明除下肢外身体的其他部位同样对推铅球有着至关重要的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between shot put performance and triceps brachia muscle fiber type composition and strength capacity.Thirteen male physical education students were selected to participate in the study based upon their shot put performance after 5 weeks of shot put technique instruction.At the completion of this technique-instruction period,they performed the following tests: shot put with a 6kg shot,isokinetic torque measurements of the elbow extensors at 0,0.52,1.04,1.57,2.09,3.14,and 4.19 rad/s.Maximal strength(1 RM) and explosive-throwing bench-press tests,one-arm seated shot put with 1,2,3,4,5 and 6kg shot.Whole-body and dominant upper arm bio-impedance measurements were used to estimate whole-body and upper-arm muscle mass.Muscle biopsy samples from the long head of the dominant triceps brachia were obtained and analyzed for fiber type composition with ATPase histochemistry.Shot put performance was significantly correlated with type II fiber area r=0.70(P<0.01),one-arm seated shot put range r=0.60 to 0.79(P<0.05),elbow extensors’ isokinetic torque range r=0.65 to 0.78(P<0.05),bench-press tests r>0.86(P<0.01) and estimated arm muscle crosssectional area r=0.68(P<0.05).These results suggest that fiber type composition and the functional capacity of triceps brachia muscle(e.g.,isokinetic torque) explain a part of shot put performance.The magnitude of the correlation coefficients between shot put and the upper-body power tests suggests that other body parts(e.g.,lower extremities) may play a significant role in this event.更多还原