【摘要】 以K₂CO₃/MgO为固体碱催化剂,正丙醇与碳酸二乙酯（DEC）经液相酯交换合成了碳酸乙丙酯（EPC）;用X射线衍射和CO₂程序升温脱附的方法对催化剂进行了表征。表征结果显示,随K₂CO₃负载量的增加,MgO载体的特征衍射峰强度减弱,在K₂CO₃负载量较高时有明显的K₂O晶相出现;K₂CO₃/MgO催化剂上的弱碱性位可能是催化该反应的活性中心。同时考察了K₂CO₃负载量、催化剂用量、反应时间和原料配比对酯交换反应的影响。实验结果表明,K₂CO₃负载量为20%（相对于催化剂的质量分数）的K₂CO₃/MgO催化剂对该反应有较好的催化性能;适宜的反应条件为:催化剂用量为反应物质量的1.00%、反应温度403 K、反应时间4 h、n（DEC）:n（正丙醇）=1.0:1.5;在此条件下,DEC的转化率为62.32%,EPC的选择性为83.29%,EPC的收率为51.89%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ethyl propyl carbonate was synthesized by transesterification of diethyl carbonate（DEC） with n-propanol in liquid phase over K₂CO₃/MgO catalyst.K₂CO₃/MgO catalysts were characterized by means of XRD and CO₂-TPD.Results of XRD indicated that the intensity of peaks ascribed to MgO decreased obviously with increasing of K₂CO₃ amount and the peaks of K₂O were also detected on catalysts loaded with substantial amount of K₂CO₃.Results of CO₂-TPD revealed that weak basic sites of K₂ CO₃/MgO might be the active sites for transesterification of DEC with n-propanol.Effects of K₂CO₃ loading amount,catalyst dosage,reaction time and ratio of reactants on transesterification were investigated.The highest catalytic activity corresponded to catalyst loaded with 20%（based on mass of catalyst） of K₂CO₃ on MgO.Under optimal conditions:catalysts dosage 1.00%（based on mass of reactants）,reaction temperature 403 K,time 4 h and n（DEC）:n（n-propanol） 1.0:1.5,conversion of DEC was 63.32%,selectivity and yield of ethyl propyl carbonate were 83.29%and 51.89%, respectively.更多还原