【摘要】 内含子是指断裂基因中的非编码区序列,在编码蛋白质前被去除。在高等生物中,内含子的长度远大于外显子,大部分随机突变会发生在内含子中。因此,内含子的存在使高等生物对突变的耐受能力大大增强了。研究表明,内含子可以提高基因表达效率;影响RNA的转录、剪接加工、出核孔以及翻译等过程;启动某些基因的表达;并通过选择性剪接调控基因的表达。内含子功能的研究成果给当前鱼类免疫基因研究开拓了全新的视野。对内含子的分类、剪接、功能以及鱼类内含子研究的新进展进行了综述,并展望了内含子在鱼类免疫基因研究中的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Intron refers to the non-coding sequences in split gene and is removed before translation. In high organism,the length of intron is much longer than that of extron,and most of random mutation happened in intron. Therefore existence of intron can be able to enhance the tolerance of high organism to genetic mutation remarkably. Many researches show that intron can not only raise the efficiency of gene expression,also have an impact on RNA transcription,splicing,passing the nuclear pore and translation. Apart from that,intron can promote the expression of some kinds of gene,and regulate gene expression through alternative splicing. Thus,it provided an alternative way for the research of fish immune gene. In this paper,both the classification,splicing,function of intron and recent progress in intron of fish were discussed. Moreover,the prospect of intron in the studies of fish immune gene was mentioned as well.更多还原