【摘要】 化学遗传学是以生物活性小分子作为工具,解决遗传学的问题,或通过小分子干扰/调节正常生物学过程,了解蛋白质的功能。因小分子具有化学多样性、基于表型的筛选和靶标鉴定等特点,使化学遗传学方法在几乎所有生物学和医学研究中得到系统的应用。本文介绍了小分子化合物的获得方法,并主要对化学遗传学在早期胚胎发育过程、细胞分化过程和疾病发生过程中的应用进行综述。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chemical genetics is the science which takes the small molecular compounds as tools to solve the genetics problems or to disturb/adjust normal biological process so as to find out protein functions.Because the small molecules have the diverse chemical characters and the ability to identify the target proteins,they also can be filtrated on the basis of phenotype.So the methods of chemical genetics have been applied in almost all of the researches on biology and medicine.In this paper,the methods to acquire small molecular compounds are introduced.The enormous progress achieved in the field of combinatorial chemistry,which has allowed the rapid production of a large number of chemically diverse molecules,is an important prerequisite to make chemical libraries available to academic researchers.And the applications of the compounds in early embryo development,cell differentiation,on-set and course of disease are discussed,too.The application of small molecules has an enormous impact on our understanding of cell biology.There are many examples where small molecules,in combination with genetic screens,have facilitated the dissection of complex cellular processes.更多还原