【摘要】 本文研究了天山北麓干旱、湿润2种不同水分条件下拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)光合生理、形态及发育特征的自然适应特点。结果表明:分枝数、株高、相对适合度(角果质量)、莲座叶面积等特征在不同水分下差异极显著;根质量与相对适合度、莲座叶面积、水分利用效率和光合速率之间表现了正相关,胞间二氧化碳浓度与光合速率、水分利用效率之间表现了负相关;选择梯度分析得出,干湿水分条件下分枝数、株高、莲座叶面积均表现定向选择;主成分分析发现,光合生理特征整合在处理间有一定的规律性,表现出拟南芥物种特征整体协调一致性较强,对环境响应具有较大的趋同性;通径分析发现,水分利用效率、枝质量、株高、角果数对相对适合度直接产生较大影响,因而在通径模型中设置为直接路径特征,将莲座叶面积通过分枝数、花期、角果数,花期通过角果数到达相对适合度的过程设置为间接路径,这些特征通过间接路径对相对适合度间接产生较大影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper studied the natural adaptation of photo-physiological, morphological, and developmental characteristics of Arabidopsis thaliana growing in arid and humid soil environments in northern piedmont of Tianshan Mountains. The results showed that the branch number, plant height, relative fitness (cornu-fruit mass), and rosette leaf area of A. thaliana in these two soil environments were significantly different. Root mass was positively correlated to relative fitness, rosette leaf area, water use efficiency, and photosynthesis rate, while intercellular carbon concentration was negatively correlated to photosynthesis rate and water use efficiency. The analysis of selection gradient indicated that plant height, branch number, and rosette leaf area were belonged to directional selection in arid and humid soil environments. Principal component analysis showed that the photo-physiological characteristics among treatments were conformed regularly, indicating that A. thaliana species would turn up homogeneous reaction when confronting environmental response. Path analysis suggested that the water use efficiency, branch mass, plant height, and cornu-fruit number were of direct path in the statistical model because of their strong effects on relative fitness, while rosette leaf area had effects on relative fitness via the indirect path of branch number, florescence, and cornu-fruit number.更多还原