【摘要】 生态风险评价是近十几年逐渐兴起并得到发展的一个研究领域,区域生态风险评价作为生态风险评价的组成部分,由于其空间异质性和评价过程的复杂性,而成为了研究的难点与热点。本文综述了生态风险评价和区域生态风险评价的概念、方法和实践研究的进展,总结了具有代表性的生态风险评价概念模型框架和步骤以及物理、数学和计算机模拟等评价方法;归纳了区域生态风险评价的概念模型、PETAR方法以及相对风险评价模型等;介绍了针对多样化的风险源、风险受体和评价数据源类型的不同而进行的实践案例研究。针对目前研究中存在评价阈值确定、暴露和危害分析、定量表征、不确定性处理等方面的问题,提出需进一步研究和探讨区域生态风险评价的指标体系、评价标准、定量化方法与技术以及风险效应表征等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecological risk assessment is a newly developed research field of environmental risk assessment,while regional ecological risk assessment,due to the spatial heterogeneity and the complexity in assessment,becomes a hotspot of ecological risk assessment research.This paper reviewed the concepts,methods,and development of ecological risk assessment and regional ecological risk assessment,summarized representative frameworks and processes,and introduced the conceptual models,procedures for ecological tiered assessment of risks,and relative risk assessment model of regional ecological risk assessment,as well as related case studies.Aiming at the problems in present regional ecological risk assessment researches,e.g.,threshold estimation,exposure and harm analysis,quantitative characterization,and uncertainty disposal,some aspects such as index system,standards,quantification methods,and risk effect characterization of the assessment should be further researched.更多还原