【摘要】 2007年12月,采用目标动物取样法在卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区观察鹅喉羚冬季昼间行为。将鹅喉羚的行为分为采食、警戒、休息、移动和"其他"5种类型,各类行为所占比例雌羊为68.0%、7.0%、19.6%、5.0%、0.4%,采食行为消耗的时间最多,"其他"行为消耗时间最短,雄羊为29.6%、19.2%、29.3%、20.6%、1.3%,采食行为所消耗时间仍占最多,但较雌羊已大幅减少。无论雌雄,各行为在10min观察期内所占据平均时间均存在极显著差异(P<0.01);除"其他"行为在10min观察期内所占据平均时间性别间差异不显著外,雌雄其余4类行为间差异均极显著(P<0.01)。雌羊采食行为存在3个高峰,分别在11:00—12:00、13:00—14:00和17:00—18:00;移动高峰出现在13:00—15:00和18:00—19:00;警戒最高峰出现在13:00—14:00;休息行为表现为双峰形,分别在12:00—13:00和16:00—17:00。雄羊采食行为也有3个高峰,分别在10:00—11:00、13:00—14:00和17:00—18:00,但不如雌性明显;移动行为在13:00—14:00和18:00—19:00有2个高峰;警戒行为在13:00—14:00和18:00—19:00出现小的高峰;休息在15:00—16:00达到最高峰。雌性鹅喉羚采食、移动、警戒、休息行为在各个时段差异均显著,而雄性则是采食和警戒存在显著差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 By the method of focal-sampling,the diurnal behaviors(including foraging,vigilance,resting,moving,and ’others’)of Gazella subgutturosa in Kalamaili Mountain Nature Reserve were observed in December 2007,with the behaviors time budgets and activity rhythms studied.For the females,68.0% of time was spent on foraging,7.0% on vigilance,19.6% on resting,5.0% on moving,and 0.4% on ’others’;while for the males,29.6% of time was spent on foraging,19.2% on vigilance,29.3% on resting,20.6% on moving,and 1.3% on ’others’.Both for the females and for the males,there existed significant differences(P<0.01)in the time budgets of their behaviors except ’others’.For the females,the peaks of foraging,moving,vigilance,and resting were at 11:00-12:00,13:00-14:00 and 17:00-18:00,13:00-15:00 and 18:00-19:00,13:00-14:00,and 12:00-13:00 and 16:00-17:00,respectively;while for the males,the peaks of corresponding behaviors were at 10:00-11:00,13:00-14:00 and 17:00-18:00,13:00-14:00 and 18:00-19:00,13:00-14:00 and 18:00-19:00,and 15:00-16:00,respectively.Among different periods of time,the females’ activity rhythms of foraging,moving,vigilance,and resting,and the males’ activity rhythms of foraging and vigilance were significantly different.更多还原