【摘要】 西方国家历史上出现过的慈善产品的第三配置,既有个体也有宗族类的血缘共同体和公社类的地缘共同体。在中世纪的欧洲,教会是典型的第三配置体系,到中世纪晚期,国家和世俗公益逐渐取代了教会。中国传统社会出现过的第三配置较有影响的是社邑、寺院、宗族公益组织。这些组织由于受历史、文化、政治、宗教和经济发展水平等因素的影响,表现出与西方社会慈善组织风格迥异的演进路径。由于历史的路径依赖和制度的互补性,中西方慈善制度的演变深深根植于各自的传统,产生了不同的组织制度演变形态,从路径演变到提供模式,再到慈善行为的诉求都有很大的差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 The third allocation of charitable products once prevailing in the history of western countries has three forms: individual type, blood- lineage community type and a geo-community type in the form of commune. In Europe of Middle Ages, the church was a typical third allocation system while in the late Middle Ages, the state and the secular public gradually replaced the church. City community, monasteries and clan public organization were influential third allocation that once appeared in traditional Chinese society. These organizations show distinctly different evolution path from Western social charitable organizations, due to historical, cultural, political, religious, and economic development level and other factors. Due to the dependence of historical path and institutional complementarities, the changes of Chinese and western charitable systems are deeply rooted in respective traditions, which result in the evolution of different organizational system: there are very big differences either in the path of evolution, or in the delivery model, or in the demands of charity.更多还原