【摘要】 河相关系理论迄今总是应用于冲积河流的研究中并取得了很好的效果,但尚未应用在非冲积性山地河流的研究中。河相关系理论是否适用于非冲积性河流的研究?该研究选取滇西山地河流,以怒江道街坝、澜沧江旧州和景洪、以及金沙江石鼓4个水文站的历年实测水文资料为基础,探讨了上述4站有水文资料记载时段的历年及多年的流量～河宽、流量～水深、流量～流速关系,揭示其年际变化特征。结果显示,河相关系理论在研究非冲积性河流当中同样存在很好的效果,表明山地非冲积性河流与冲积河流在河道演变中遵循类似的规律。研究区北段从西部的怒江到中部的澜沧江,再到东部的金沙江,其河相关系的年际变化幅度逐渐减小,与它们受到构造抬升的影响减弱相适应。澜沧江河相关系的年际变化在北部相对不明显,在南部则相对显著,这与其南北两段的地貌分异有关,也与中下游的大坝建设等人类活动引起南部河床的冲淤强度的增大有关。系数积及指数和表明,山地河流由于受到基岩边界的影响,其流水断面的调整中河宽、水深和流速之间的协调能力比冲积性河流的小。另外,建立了流水断面宽深比与流量之间的河相关系式,丰富了河相关系的研究内容,并在研究区不同河流、不同河段的流量预测或断面形态预测中具有重要的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The theory on river regime has been applied to study of fluvial rivers thus far and gained favourable effects.However,it has not been applied to study of non-fluvial mountainous rivers.The theory whether is suitable for characterization of the mountainous river? In this study it was selected the Daojieba Station of the Nujiang River,Jiuzhou and Jinghong Stations of the Lancangjiang River and Shigu Station of the Jinshajiang River as the study profiles of river flow.All the stations are located in mountainous region.The annual and mean relations between discharge and river width,discharge and mean river depth,and discharge and flow velocity for each one of the stations are analyzed according to hydrological data of annual survey from 50 to 80 decade in last century.The results show that the theory on river regime is also suitable and effective to study of non-fluvial mountainous river.It indicates that the channel evolution of non-fluvial mountainous rivers follows a similar rule as that for fluvial rivers.The correlative parameters of the annual river regimes gradually decrease from Nujiang River in the west to Lancangjiang Rvier in the middle to Jinshajiang River in the east.It is coincident to the decrease of tectonic uplift along the direction.The annual variety of the river regimes for the Lancangjiang River is correspondingly not evident at north and evident at south.It relates to the landform differentiation from north to south.It also relates to the increase of channel bed adjustment result in human activity such as dam constructions in the southern reach of the river.Coefficient product and exponent sum of the river regimes show that the harmonious ability between the width,mean depth and mean velocity in adjustment of flow profiles of non-fluvial mountainous rivers are far smaller than that for fluvial rivers.Another river regime,the relation between discharge and width/depth ratio of river flow is established.This relation not only abundances the study content of the river regime but also has important significance in forecast the profile form or discharge of river flow in different rivers,or different reaches in the study area.更多还原