【摘要】 实际工程中的接触表面都不是绝对光滑的,当两物体相互接触时,真实表面的接触实际上是微凸体间的接触。粗糙表面间的接触行为对摩擦、磨损、润滑、密封和传热等有着重要的影响,是摩擦学研究的主要课题之一。介绍了Hertz弹性接触模型、统计学接触模型和分形接触模型,对粗糙表面接触模型的研究现状和进展作了分析和评述。由Hertz模型只能求解一些几何形状比较规则的物体,应用范围非常有限;各种统计学模型都是经过简化的理想模型,这些简化究竟能导致多大误差目前还没有精确的分析;分形模型利用了包含全部表面粗糙度信息的分形参数D和G,其对粗糙表面接触性质的预测不受仪器分辨率和取样长度的影响,使预测具有惟一性或确定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 No surfaces in engineering are absolutely smooth.The contact of two rough surfaces is actually the asperity contact.The contact behavior of the rough surfaces has significant effect on friction,wear,lubrication,seal and heat transfer,the study on which is one of the main topics in tribology research area.Hertz model of elastic contact,statistical model of contact and fractal model of contact were discussed,the research status and progress of the contact model of rough surfaces were reviewed and analyzed.The Hertz model,which can only solve the problems about the objects with regular geometrical shape,has very limited application.Since various statistical models are all simplified ideal models,the error has not been accurately analyzed yet.The fractal model,which utilizes the fractal parameters D and G containing all the information about the roughness of the surfaces,makes the prediction of contact area unique and determinate because this kind of prediction will not be affected by the resolution of roughness-measuring instrument and the length of sample.更多还原