【摘要】 目的了解腹泻病调查病例的临床特征及治疗情况。方法以整群随机抽样方法抽取2万余名居民进行腹泻病疾病负担调查,对发现的腹泻病例进行基本情况、症状体征以及诊疗等相关情况调查。结果常见的症状体征有腹痛(占55.43%)、腹胀(29.19%)、食欲不振(19.46%)及里急后重(13.57%)。农村病例全身症状及脱水症状发生率均较城区病例高。0~14岁的儿童的呕吐、发热、精神差及尿少等症状体征的发生率较高。病例以排稀便(56.11%)、水样便(51.58%)为主。冬季排水样便的病例比例稍高于夏季。至调查之日止,痊愈及好转的病例占87.1%。到医院/诊所治疗的病例占22.85%。采取过自行治疗的病例占60.18%,其中61.28%使用了抗生素,最常用的药物为土霉素、诺氟沙星及泻利停。结论腹泻病症状普遍较轻,但临床表现多样,致病原因复杂,在治疗上应注意合理用药的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the clinical characteristics and results of treatment.Methods There 20 000 residents were selected with random cluster sampling method,and diarrhea disease burden in the samples were surveyed..Results The most common signs and symptoms were abdominal pain,(55.43%),abdominal distention(29.19%),poor appetite(19.46%) and tenesmus(13.57%).Children aged 0~14 were more likely to develop vomiting,fever,weakness and oliguria.Most of the patients produced loose stool(56.11%) and watery stool(51.58%).Patients producing watery stool were observed more frequently in winter than in summer.Up to the survey,87.1% of the patients recovered.22.85%f sought for health care services in outpatients.60.18% of them took self-medication,of those 61.28% of them used antibiotics such as oxytetracycline and norfloxacin.Conclusion Moderate signs and symptoms were observed in diarrhea patients,due to diversified clinical characteristics and complex causes of the disease rational use of drugs is indicated.更多还原