【摘要】 参照近源物种线粒体基因组序列设计引物15对,用PCR产物直接测序法测得绿头鸭(Anas platyrhychos)线粒体基因组全序列,初步分析其基因组特点和各基因的定位。结果显示,绿头鸭线粒体基因组全长16606bp(GenBank No.EU755253),共有13个蛋白质编码基因、2个rRNA基因、22个tRNA基因和1个非编码控制区(D-loop),其组成和排列顺序与已知雁形目(Anseriforms)鸟类相似。基于GenBank已有D-loop区序列,用N-J法构建河鸭类系统进化树。结果表明,河鸭类分为3个进化枝。其中,家鸭、绿头鸭及斑嘴鸭(A.poecilorhyncha)构成一枝,初步推断我国家鸭起源于绿头鸭和斑嘴鸭,或是绿头鸭和斑嘴鸭的杂交后代。更多还原

【Abstract】 The complete mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) of mallard (Anas platyrhychos) was determined by DNA sequencing based on the PCR fragments of 15 pairs of primers. The entire genome was 16 606 bp in length(GenBank accession No.EU755253). It contained 37 genes (13 protein coding genes, 2 rRNA and 22tRNA) and a non-coding control region (D-loop). The characteristics of mtDNA resembled to birds on Anseriforms. Based on the control region in GenBank, Phylogenetic trees constructed using the N-J method indicated that the 13 species of Anatini were clustered in three major clades. Among them, the mallards, domestic duck and spot-billed duck (A. poecilorhyncha) clustered in the same one. The results support that domestic ducks origined from mallard and spot-billed duck. Both of mallard and spot-billed duck contributed to domestic duck evolution.更多还原