【摘要】 旨在创建一种新型分子标记辅助育种模型以指导和完善目前鸭的良种选育工作。对快速生长型肉用北京鸭的前后5批后代进行选育,测定预选留的子代个体6周龄体重、胸宽、龙骨长、颈长、体斜长和胫长6个经济性状数据,利用已知与这6个性状相连锁的9个QTL微卫星标记信息,检测其父母代个体在这些标记位点的基因型并预测其后代的总等位基因效应值,即综合育种值。结合预测的子代育种值和实际性状测定数据,最终选留出两方面皆优型个体,将预留种个体数目降至约50%,经过一世代选育可剔除3个位点的4个不利等位基因,分别提高了各位点的高效应等位基因频率,但尚不显著(P>0.1)。由于时间和可选择的群体有限,此模型的准确性尚待进一步证明,但目前在理论上能有效地完善和加速育种工作,供鸭以及其他非模式生物的专门化品系培育提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this study was to establish a new Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) model to instruct and complement recent duck breeding. Five batches of offspring from one Beijing duck line,which were selected for fast-growth meat type,were chosen to test the MAS model. Economic trait data of six-week offspring duck including body weight,breast width,keel bone length,neck length,body length and shank length were recorded. Genotype data of parental duck at nine microsatellite loci which located in QTLs linked with the six economic traits were collected,and then were used to predict the total potential allele effect of their offspring as the integrated breeding value. About 50% individuals of the offspring duck showing both high breeding value and good performance of traits were finally selected and maintained. Four deleterious alleles of three loci were eliminated from the duck population and high-effect allele frequency was increased but not significantly (P>0.1) at each locus after MAS for one generation. This MAS model still need a further proof of its validity for the limitation of time and selected population,but now can theoretically complement and accelerate the progress of animal breeding. It may cast some new light on specialized lines breeding of duck and other non-model organisms.更多还原