【摘要】 利用体视显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、接触角测量仪对蝴蝶翅膀和蝉翼表面的微细结构及疏水性能进行研究发现:蝴蝶翅膀表面的微米级孔穴和蝉翼表面的纳米阶层柱状结构,是其表面具有超疏水特性的根本原因.受此启发,用激光直写法和软刻蚀法制备出微米级周期排列的方柱、方孔微结构,测量其表面静态接触角分别为151.4°和121.7°.实验结果表明,周期排列的方柱和方孔微结构增强了固体表面的疏水性,且微结构的形态对润湿性能有很大的影响.用经典润湿理论对实验结果进行理论分析发现,Cassie理论与Wenzel理论分别适用于不同程度润湿性能的疏水微结构表面,且微结构的参数影响其表面的润湿性能.更多还原

【Abstract】 The non-smooth geometric microstructure and hydrophobicity of the surface of two insects’ wings were studied with stereoscopic microscope,scanning electronic microscope(SEM) and the interface contact angle measurement.Observation results show that the micro cavities on the wings of butterfly and the hierarchical nanostructure on the wings of cicada are the fundamental causes for the superhydrophobicity of the wing surfaces.Inspired by this,regular arrays of micropillars and microgrooves were fabricated using laser direct writing and soft lithography,respectively.The static contact angles for water on both surfaces were 151.4° and 121.7°,respectively.Experiment results indicate that the microstructure of solid surface enhances its superhydrophobicity and the microstructure shape of the solid surface has great effect on its wettability.Analysis of the experiment results with classical theory of wettability concludes that Cassie theory and Wenzel theory can be used to interpret the wettability of surface with microstructures at different hydrophobic degrees.In addition,parameters of the microstructure can also affect the wettability of the surface.更多还原