【摘要】 目的分析泉州市2006～2008年麻疹流行特征,提出控制麻疹策略。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,运用EXCEL2003软件进行分析评价。结果2006～2008年泉州市发病较高的为晋江、石狮、鲤城、丰泽、南安等5个县(市、区),占全市总病例数的86.82%;病例中15岁以下儿童占77.75%,8月龄以下儿童占发病总数比例从2004年5.81%上升到2008年15.67%,流动人口的病例占总发病数的57.01%;病例中有麻疹疫苗(MV)免疫史的仅占10.76%;本地儿童的麻疹疫苗接种率维持在90%以上;全市7岁以下流动儿童麻疹疫苗第一针接种率为78.89%,第二针接种率仅为46.50%。麻疹疫苗免疫干预后发病明显下降。结论人口流动频繁、疫苗接种率低、免疫空白人群积累是麻疹发病升高的主要因素。采取有效措施,确保所有儿童完成麻疹疫苗免疫是泉州市麻疹防控的主要措施,重点要加强流动儿童的免疫接种工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze epidemic characteristics of measles in Quanzhou during 2006 to 2008,and bring forward prevention control measures.Method Adopted the method of descriptive epidemiology,and analyzed and estimated the data by Excel 2003 epidemiological characterization of measles in Quanzhou via descriptive epidemiology.Results The incidence rate of measles was more higher in Jinjiang City,Shishi City,Licheng District,Fengze District,and Nanan City.The total incidence rate was 86.82%.77.75%cases were smaller than 15 years old.The percent of infectors smaller than 8 months raised from 5.81%in 2004 to 15.67%in 2008.The ratio of infectors in floating population accounted for more than 57.01%,and only 10.76%cases had measles immunization history.The vaccination rate of local children maintained at over 90%.The rate of the first immunization among the local children under 7 years old was 78.89%.That of the second was just 46.50%.The incidence rate evidently decreased after immunization. Conclusion High incidence rate of measles was due to frequent movements of floating population,low vaccination rates and the accumulation of no-immuned population.It is necessary to take effective measures to ensure the whole vaccination course among all children,especially floating children.更多还原