【摘要】 采用样方法研究了首曲湿地功能区"黑土滩"退化草甸改良后3 a的群落特征变化,分析了围栏封育和补播"高寒1号"生态组合草种对退化草甸的恢复改良效果.结果显示:仅封育3 a后,"黑土滩"退化草甸群落的盖度、高度、地上生物量和可食牧草比例均显著提高,丰富度指数由0.55增加到0.75,多样性指数由0.07增加到了0.25;封育后补播"高寒1号"生态草种相对于封育前,使得退化草甸的盖度增加了56.00%,高度增加了11.74 cm,地上生物量增加了222.24 g/m~2,可食牧草比例增加了55.98%,物种数由5种/m~2增加到了15种/m~2,丰富度指数由0.55增加到了3.29,多样性指数由0.07增加到了1.85,均匀度指数由0.06增加到了0.27.相对围栏封育而言,封育后补播是一种更有效的"黑土滩"退化草甸改良恢复措施.围栏封育和补播配套实施可以显著改善"黑土滩"退化草地的群落貌相、草地生产力和组分结构状况.更多还原

【Abstract】 The community height,cover,aboveground biomass and plant composition and diversity of"black soil beach"degraded meadows which were fenced and reseeded in Maqu wetland function area were monitored for three years.The aim was to study the effects of fencing and reseeding on improvement of"black soil beach"degraded meadows.The results show that fencing significantly improved vegetation cover, height,aboveground biomass and forage(edible grasses) biomass.Richness index and diversity index were increased from 0.55 to 0.75 and from 0.07 to 0.25,respectively for"black soil beach"degraded meadow community.Reseeding of"Alpine No.1"eco-grass mixture also significantly advanced these characteristics and presented a more remarkable improvement than fencing.Increasing extents were presented:cover 56.00%, height 11.74 cm,aboveground biomass 222.24 g/m~2,forage(edible grasses) biomass percent 55.98%.And, species number,richness index,diversity index and evenness index all showed increase,from 5 species/m~2 to 15 species/m~2,from 0.55 to 3.29,from 0.07 to 1.85 and from 0.06 to 0.27,respectively.Reseeding is a more effective improving and restoring measure for"black soil beach"degraded meadow,relative to single fencing. The combined work of fencing and reseeding can be considered as an important improvement and restoration measure of community appearance,productivity and structure for"black soil beach"degraded meadows.更多还原