【摘要】 [目的]探讨职业紧张与生活压力对铁路女工月经的影响。[方法]应用具有较好信度和效度的付出-回报失衡量表和短版本生活压力量表评价1679名铁路女工职业紧张和生活压力状况,并通过体检获得女工月经情况。以EpiDate 3.1建立数据库,采用SPSS 13.0进行数据分析。[结果]1679名女职工中总月经异常为768人,占45.74%。相对于最低职业紧张组,最高职业紧张组的月经异常率较高(OR=1.45,95%CI:1.11￣2.43);而相对于最低生活压力组,较高生活压力和最高生活压力月经异常率较高(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.04￣2.29;OR=1.60,95%CI:1.16￣2.40)。综合两者的作用,相对于低职业紧张-低生活压力而言,低职业紧张-高生活压力、高职业紧张-高生活压力可能与月经异常相关(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.12￣2.37;OR=1.76,95%CI:1.23￣2.58);尤其是高职业紧张-高生活压力可能对痛经有影响(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.10￣2.12)。[结论]职业紧张与生活压力都可能是铁路女工月经异常的重要危险因素。因此,应针对具体情况,采取相应的干预措施,促进职业女性的身心健康。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To explore the effects of work stress and family stress on menses in female railway workers.[Methods] The validated Chinese version of Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire and Family Stress Scale were used respectively to measure work stress and family stress of the workers,and their menstrual situations were evaluated with gynecologic interview in a sample including 1 679 female railway workers.The dataset was built with EpiData 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS 13.0.[Results] Total of 768 female workers were found to suffer with menstrual disorders,accounting for 45.74%.Compared with lowest work stress group,the highest-level work stress group showed that the rate of abnormal menstruation was higher(OR=1.45,95%CI:1.11-2.43);Compared with lowest family stress group,the higher-level and highest-level family stress groups showed that the abnormal rations of menstrual disorders were higher(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.04-2.29;and OR=1.60,95%CI:1.16-2.40 respectively).Considered both family and work stress,compared with low family and the groups of low work stress,low work stress-high family stress and high work stress-high family stress might associated with menstrual disorders(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.12-2.37;and OR=1.76,95%CI:1.23-2.58 respectively).Particularly,high work stress-high family stress might have impact on dysmenorrhea(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.10-2.12).[Conclusion] Work stress and family stress might be the important risk factors of menstrual disorders in female railway workers,the relevant intervention measures are needed for improving women’s working and health conditions.更多还原