【摘要】 microRNA(miRNA)是一种长度约为22核苷酸(nt)的非编码RNA,其主要通过碱基互补与靶mRNA的3’端非翻译区(3’UTR)结合,导致靶mRNA降解或抑制蛋白质的合成,在转录后水平调节基因的表达。miRNA突变、缺失或表达水平的异常会导致生理的异常与疾病的发生,与人类肿瘤疾病密切相关,它具有类似于癌基因或抑癌基因的作用,可参与肿瘤细胞的增殖、分化和细胞凋亡等调控过程。miRNA在肿瘤诊断和治疗方面具有广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 The microRNA (miRNA) is one of RNAs, with about 22 nucleotides, short and noncoding, that mainly regulates the gene expression at the postranscriptional level. According to the degree of base pairing to its complementary sites within its 3’ -untranslated region (3’UTR), it degrades or negatively regulates the translation of the target miRNA. Mutation, deletion or over-expression of miRNA can cause physiological anomaly or disease and correlate with various human cancers. miRNAs involve tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis processes in a role of oncogenes or tumor supressors. It is expected that microRNA might be applied in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors as a powerful tool.更多还原