【摘要】 选用具有化感特性的水稻品系华抗草78和长江流域地区主栽的扬稻6号,通过田间试验研究水稻化感作用结合苄嘧磺隆使用及水层管理对水稻田杂草的抑制作用,旨在降低水稻田化学除草剂使用量,探索水稻生产中杂草治理的新途径。结果表明,水稻化感作用结合深水层可有效抑制稗草的萌发和生长,同时水稻移栽后6 d使用苄嘧磺隆(30 g/hm~2)单剂处理,明显地抑制了异型莎草和陌上菜的萌发数量和生物量积累;水稻移栽后50 d,华抗草78和扬稻6号对稗草的干重防效分别为89.16%和81.86%,对异型莎草的干重防效分别为83.56%和84.93%,对陌上菜干重防效分别为95.22%和88.04%,对这3种杂草的总干重防效分别为87.68%和82.69%;10cm深水层及施用苄嘧磺隆单剂条件下2个水稻品种(系)的产量比5 cm水层、不施化学除草剂的处理分别增产40.33%和21.36%。水稻化感品种对稗草等的抑制作用、水稻自身的竞争作用、10 cm深水层及苄嘧磺隆单剂这4种因素的综合效应不仅具有良好的控草效果,增产显著,而且明显降低了除草剂的使用量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Field experiments were conducted to examine integrated inhibition of allelopathic rice(Huakangcao 78), bensulfuron metbyl application and water management on weeds in paddy field,with the purposes of attempting to reduce the dosage of herbicide applied in rice field and exploring new ways of weed management in rice production.The results showed thai allelopathic rice could inhibit the germination and growth of barnyardgrass[Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv]effectively, and bensulfuron methyl(30 g/hm~2) applied 6 d after rice transplanting could significantly reduce the plant numbers and biomass accumulation of difformed galingale(Cyperus difformis L.) and procumbent falsepimperne[Lindernia procumbens(Krock.) Philcox].The control efficiency of Huakangcao 78 and Yangdao 6 were 89.16%and 81.86%on barnyardgrass dry weight respectively 50 d after the rice transplanting,83.56%and 84.93%on difformed galingale dry weight,95.22%and 88.04%on procumbent falsepimperne dry weight.As a whole,the total dry weight control efficiency were 87.68%and 82.69%on above weeds correspondingly. Moreover,the grain yield of Huakangcao 78 and Yangdao 6 under the condition of 10 cm depth water and herbicide application increased 40.33%and 21.36%comparing those under the treatment of 5 cm depth water and no herbicide application respectively.Synergistic actions of allelochemicals, rice competitiveness,10 cm depth water and herbicide had the advantages of better control effect on the weeds,higher grain yield of rice and distinct lower herbicide dosage.更多还原