【摘要】 为能利用抗热应激SCAR标记应用于奶牛抗热应激新品种的选育,随机选取52头高产耐热荷斯坦奶牛和41头高产不耐热荷斯坦奶牛,利用RAPD技术对筛选出的耐热分子标记进行序列分析和SCAR转化,并以S441 SCAR标记对种公牛和核心群的母牛进行检测和分析。结果表明,随机引物S441和S463在高产耐热组中分别扩增了581 bp和680 bp的特异性片段,序列比较显示,前者与KCNN2基因的同源性达90%,后者与NW₀01024067.1|BtUn_WGA9442₂同源性达99%;S441 SCAR标记在种牛的检出率为:母牛12.7%[27/213],公牛32.6%[15/46];数据统计分析表明:有无S441 SCAR标记的母牛产奶量差异不显著（P>0.05）,但在热应激条件下产奶量下降率差异极显著（P<0.01）。研究初步确定S441标记作为荷斯坦奶牛抗热应激分子标记。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to apply anti-heat stress SCAR marker into breeding new varieties in holstein,this experiment selected randomly 52 high-milk-yield cows with strong anti-heat stress ability,and 41 high-milk-yield cows with weak anti-heat stress ability.We selected the heat-stress marker,analyzed the sequence and transformed SCAR by RAPD technology,then applied S441 SCAR marker to detect and analysize bulls and cows.The results showed that the 581bp and 680bp specific fragments respectively were amplified by using S441 and S463 random primes in high-milk-yield cows with strong anti-heat stress ability.Compared with 581bp gene fragment and KCNN2 gene,680bp gene fragment and NW₀01024067.1|BtUn_WGA9442₂,the sequence homologous rates respectively were 90% and 99%.The detection rate of S441 SCAR marker was 12.7%[27/213]in cows and 32.6 % in bulls.The data statistical analysis showed that cows with or without S441 SCAR marker were not significantly different（P>0.05）,but the decline rate of milk yield was extremely significant different under heat-stress condition（P<0.01）.The study determine preliminarily that S441 marker can be looked as an anti-heat stress molecular marker in Holstein.更多还原