【摘要】 漆酶是一种含铜的多酚氧化酶,属于铜蓝氧化酶蛋白,能催化氧化多种难降解的有机污染物。漆酶催化氧化水中有机污染物具有底物广泛、能耗低、易操作、环境友好等优点,是一项前景广阔的生物处理技术。本文综述了漆酶对水中有机污染物的催化降解,主要从漆酶的化学组成、结构、催化降解机理,漆酶的固定化,影响因素(溶液pH值、温度、金属离子、营养因子、有机溶剂、漆酶的浓度、底物的初始浓度等),降解的动力学以及漆酶在处理水中有机污染物的应用等5个方面介绍了相关的研究进展。漆酶催化氧化有机物的机理主要表现在底物自由基中间体的产生和氧气还原成水两个方面。本文提出了目前漆酶催化氧化水中有机污染物存在的主要问题,并展望了漆酶降解水体中有机污染物的发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Laccases are multicopper proteins belonging to the small group of blue enzymes.Laccase is a phenol oxidase that catalyzes oxidation of many organic pollutants.Laccase-catalyzed oxidation of organic pollutants in water has received much attention from researchers in recent years because of its substantial advantages such as low substrate specificity,low energy consumption,simpleness and environmentally friendly.In this paper,the latest developments in laccase-catalyzed degradation of organic pollutants in water were reviewed.The chemical composition,structure,catalytic degradation mechanism,immobilization,influence factors(pH value,temperature,metal ions,nutritional elements,organic solvents,concentration of laccase,initial concentration of substrate,etc.),degradation kinetics and application to treat of organic pollutants in water were reviewed.Laccase uses molecular oxygen to oxidize various aromatic and non-aromatic compounds by a radical-catalyzed reaction mechanism with the concomitant reduction of oxygen to water.The main problems and the prospects of the application of laccase for organic wastewater treatment were presented.更多还原