【摘要】 以7个水稻三系不育系和7个水稻两用核不育系为材料,研究水稻不育系的花器性状和柱头外露特性及它们之间的相关性.结果表明,7个两用核不育系的平均颖花长度长于三系不育系的平均颖花长度;平均颖花宽度窄于三系不育系的平均颖花宽度;平均颖花长宽比大于三系不育系的平均颖花长宽比,说明两用核不育系的粒形较三系不育系的细长.相关和通径分析的结果表明,与柱头外露率关系最密切的花器性状有颖花长、颖花长宽比、柱头跨度和子房长度,其中颖花长宽比对柱头外露率的作用最大,说明颖花长度和颖花长宽比的增加有利于提高柱头外露率,因此在高柱头外露率不育系的选育中应加强粒形的选择,细长粒形的不育系其柱头外露率较高.更多还原

【Abstract】 The floral characters and stigma exsertion rate of seven indica cytoplasmic male sterile lines and seven dual-purpose genic male sterile lines were systematically surveyed.The results showed that the average spikelet length of seven dual-purpose genic male sterile lines was longer than that of seven cytoplasmic male sterile lines and the average length-width ratio of spikelet of seven dual-purpose genic male sterile lines was large than that of seven cytoplasmic male sterile lines,indicating the shape of spikelet of dual-purpose genic male sterile line was longer and narrower than that of cytoplasmic male sterile line.The correlation coefficient of stigma and ovary characters,spikelet characters and stigma exsertion rate and path analysis of four floral characters and total stigma exsertion rate were studied.The spikelet length and the length-width ratio of spikelet and the stigma span and the ovary length were significant positive correlation to the total stigma exsertion rate.The path analysis showed that the direct path coefficient of the length-width ratio of spikelet to the total stigma exsertion rate was greatest,indicating the shape of spikelet should be emphasized in high stigma exsertion rate male sterile line breeding.更多还原